tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-52470874350423288702024-03-13T03:24:59.962-04:00Weather & Climate MatterAn indepth look at weather and climate by South Carolina's Weatherman Jim Gandy.Jim Gandyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12600726319082481571noreply@blogger.comBlogger147125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5247087435042328870.post-32434862204105935222023-07-09T16:58:00.003-04:002023-07-09T16:58:58.833-04:00The 2023 Heat Wave<div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW2401885 BCX0" paraeid="{f1609d36-6412-48a3-87d0-f8412653cada}{161}" paraid="845498004" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="font-family: georgia;"><span class="TextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Every year before summer starts people ask me if it is going to be </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">a hot summer</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">. I usually tell them that it is Columbia, South Carolina, of </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">course it is going </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">to be hot. However, this summer has </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">been a little different and not what I expected. Let me give you a couple of exa</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">mples.</span></span><span class="LineBreakBlob BlobObject DragDrop SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><span class="SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-wrap: nowrap !important; user-select: text;"> </span><br class="SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-wrap: nowrap !important; user-select: text;" /></span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"></span><span class="LineBreakBlob BlobObject DragDrop SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><span class="SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-wrap: nowrap !important; user-select: text;"> </span><br class="SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-wrap: nowrap !important; user-select: text;" /></span><span class="TextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Columbia, South Carolina had its 13</span><span class="TextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 9.5pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun Superscript SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" data-fontsize="12" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: super;">th</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> coldest May on record (Avg. T=68.9˚F) this </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">year. That was follow</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">ed by the 17</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 9.5pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun Superscript SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" data-fontsize="12" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: super;">th</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> coldest June on re</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">cord (Avg. T=76.2˚F). So </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">maybe it</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> will not be so hot this summer. Then came July. The first 8 days have put the month on track for the 8</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 9.5pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun Superscript SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" data-fontsize="12" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: super;">th</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> warmest July even though the highest </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">temperature has been 95˚F. It has been the low temperature pushing the average up as it has put the month on track for the 3</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 9.5pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun Superscript SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" data-fontsize="12" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: super;">rd</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"> warmest low temperature.</span><span class="LineBreakBlob BlobObject DragDrop SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><span class="SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-wrap: nowrap !important; user-select: text;"> </span><br class="SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-wrap: nowrap !important; user-select: text;" /></span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"></span><span class="LineBreakBlob BlobObject DragDrop SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><span class="SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-wrap: nowrap !important; user-select: text;"> </span><br class="SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-wrap: nowrap !important; user-select: text;" /></span><span class="TextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">When you see the reports for Texas and the Southwest about the current heat wave this does not seem so bad. I was amazed how far north the heat has been driven. Take the exampl</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">e of the weather station at Norman Wells in the Northwest Territories in Canada. It is at about la</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">titude 65˚N and yesterday it reported </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">a high temperature</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> of 100˚F. This beat its </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">pr</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">evious</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> all-time </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">high temperature</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> record by 5˚F. On top </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">of that it had visibilities of about a mile in smoke from wil</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">dfires. Truly epic. A cold front passed late in the day and winds shifted blowing up to 40 mph. This blew the smoke away and lowered the temperature.</span></span><span class="LineBreakBlob BlobObject DragDrop SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><span class="SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-wrap: nowrap !important; user-select: text;"> </span><br class="SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-wrap: nowrap !important; user-select: text;" /></span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"></span><span class="LineBreakBlob BlobObject DragDrop SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><span class="SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-wrap: nowrap !important; user-select: text;"> </span><br class="SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-wrap: nowrap !important; user-select: text;" /></span><span class="TextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">I have been following the media reports of the heat wave this year. As meteorologists we often do not know how the pattern will evolve until we get into the season. The models have not always given</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> us a clear</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> picture, but now we have a better sen</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">se of what lies</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> ahead.</span></span><span class="LineBreakBlob BlobObject DragDrop SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><span class="SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-wrap: nowrap !important; user-select: text;"> </span><br class="SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-wrap: nowrap !important; user-select: text;" /></span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"></span><span class="LineBreakBlob BlobObject DragDrop SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><span class="SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-wrap: nowrap !important; user-select: text;"> </span><br class="SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-wrap: nowrap !important; user-select: text;" /></span><span class="TextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">High pressure in the middle</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> of the at</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">mosphere was centered over Texas early in the summer which </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">was resp</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">onsible for</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> the start of the heat wave there. Over time it expanded and now stretches from Flo</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">rida to Texas to the Southwest. The high pressure is centered over New Mexico and by the end of the week it will be over Arizona. This will push the heat wave into Ca</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">lifornia and north to Washington state.</span></span><span class="LineBreakBlob BlobObject DragDrop SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><span class="SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-wrap: nowrap !important; user-select: text;"> </span><br class="SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-wrap: nowrap !important; user-select: text;" /></span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"></span><span class="LineBreakBlob BlobObject DragDrop SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><span class="SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-wrap: nowrap !important; user-select: text;"> </span><br class="SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-wrap: nowrap !important; user-select: text;" /></span><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjvNK612bWcOoxiSih0hImvtR3HRcP6b5icC8HdpZ6p24n8EZMvjTyHB5WOgg2qi0o5F_OROzF5G3pLP32FBd3As27FSmVVO3eFzPKL4L9zFilf-LIf3xCLFq5WXcYhLUrmUhWg9GoxDStJ_wuQ4o7b41dzGixXnlV8YliCd8QjW1B-2b9iJUwLDkDupByv/s1100/500mb%20174h%20Fcst%20070923.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="850" data-original-width="1100" height="309" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjvNK612bWcOoxiSih0hImvtR3HRcP6b5icC8HdpZ6p24n8EZMvjTyHB5WOgg2qi0o5F_OROzF5G3pLP32FBd3As27FSmVVO3eFzPKL4L9zFilf-LIf3xCLFq5WXcYhLUrmUhWg9GoxDStJ_wuQ4o7b41dzGixXnlV8YliCd8QjW1B-2b9iJUwLDkDupByv/w400-h309/500mb%20174h%20Fcst%20070923.png" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The atmospheric pattern at 500 mb (~18,000 ft.). This is the forecast for next Sunday July 16, 2023 from the European model. The H represents the center of the high pressure system and the L the low pressure system. These will not move much over the next week.</td></tr></tbody></table><br /><span class="LineBreakBlob BlobObject DragDrop SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><br class="SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-wrap: nowrap !important; user-select: text;" /></span><span class="TextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Temperatures will be hotter than normal across much of the southern U.S. by next weekend. Readings in Death Valley, California may approach 130˚F. Even in the central valley of California temperatures will be above 110˚F. (The lowest relative humidity I ever experienced was in Fresno, CA at 4%. It was drier than Death Valley.) Parts of South Carolina may approach 100˚F with heat indices in the range of 105-108˚F. No doubt the heat will continue to be news.</span><span class="LineBreakBlob BlobObject DragDrop SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><span class="SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-wrap: nowrap !important; user-select: text;"> </span><br class="SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-wrap: nowrap !important; user-select: text;" /></span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"></span><span class="LineBreakBlob BlobObject DragDrop SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><span class="SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-wrap: nowrap !important; user-select: text;"> </span><br class="SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-wrap: nowrap !important; user-select: text;" /></span><br /></span><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-_0tj5PAzfioiIW7-BKW0M2HWVJy7ARapgmCN7n9ngk6lsXh6K4Th9H-HVKA8pDG7tNopohVjaEeyHb7GDsbjC4NwpQ4CDnlBow_BJ34_wXHweVuFjbM74FU_eq6xbH8eS5nH4mV7cfkID7j6aGNVPM5Xiooou8uGFYbaRcyt3ZORBWcQ9lT4ZKqrI28H/s1100/sfctmax%20180h%20Fcst%20070923.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="850" data-original-width="1100" height="309" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-_0tj5PAzfioiIW7-BKW0M2HWVJy7ARapgmCN7n9ngk6lsXh6K4Th9H-HVKA8pDG7tNopohVjaEeyHb7GDsbjC4NwpQ4CDnlBow_BJ34_wXHweVuFjbM74FU_eq6xbH8eS5nH4mV7cfkID7j6aGNVPM5Xiooou8uGFYbaRcyt3ZORBWcQ9lT4ZKqrI28H/w400-h309/sfctmax%20180h%20Fcst%20070923.png" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Projected high temperatures for Sunday July 16, 2023 from the European model. Actual temperatures may differ slightly, but the overall pattern has higher confidence. It will be hot from the intermountain region, the Southwest, Texas into the Southeast.</td></tr></tbody></table><br /></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW2401885 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{4a6e2bfc-c8ed-4396-ab79-360a5aa9f89d}{182}" paraid="1498596296" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: georgia;"><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"></span><span class="LineBreakBlob BlobObject DragDrop SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><span class="SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-wrap: nowrap !important; user-select: text;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Notice the low-pressure system in Canada. The combined flow around it and the high over Arizona will push cooler air into the Midwest. The </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">6 to </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">10 day</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> forecast reflects the evolving pa</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">ttern.</span></span><span class="EOP SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW2401885 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{b359af80-6f53-4084-81f3-928be65ebf08}{15}" paraid="559723334" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: georgia;"><span class="TextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"></span></span><span class="EOP SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW2401885 BCX0" lang="EN-US" paraeid="{f8102d0c-adc3-47ce-ab3c-d78901d0ef9e}{90}" paraid="1508503418" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: georgia;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMp5iCZNz1gl-NpSUeYM1Ndb5AIlb--exm7H8YpEcCeHKtIwCCUpPF7gnbyC6CcnF6ETz3v7MAcw8PNI0lC7N7t7PpAH0BZyhX-iv4H0BZOsb5mX02I3ZGBMpuN0eNt71jzUIk-avIbDumehVEv-BqeYC917XF76U1G7OwK8PFcabi1tzXvYM4hVkKSgfr/s3300/610temp%20fcst%20070923.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2550" data-original-width="3300" height="309" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMp5iCZNz1gl-NpSUeYM1Ndb5AIlb--exm7H8YpEcCeHKtIwCCUpPF7gnbyC6CcnF6ETz3v7MAcw8PNI0lC7N7t7PpAH0BZyhX-iv4H0BZOsb5mX02I3ZGBMpuN0eNt71jzUIk-avIbDumehVEv-BqeYC917XF76U1G7OwK8PFcabi1tzXvYM4hVkKSgfr/w400-h309/610temp%20fcst%20070923.gif" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">From the National Weather Service. This is the 6 to 10 day outlook for July 15-19 made on July 9. The cool weather in the central U.S. will be short-lived. The heat wave will begin to expand northward after this time.</td></tr></tbody></table><br /><span class="LineBreakBlob BlobObject DragDrop SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><br class="SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-wrap: nowrap !important; user-select: text;" /></span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"></span><span class="LineBreakBlob BlobObject DragDrop SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><span class="SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-wrap: nowrap !important; user-select: text;"> </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">However, this will be temporary. The computer models sug</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">gest that the heat will begin to build north and east during the third week of July. The area that may escape much of the heat will </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">likely be</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> around the Great Lakes to the Northeast.</span></span><span class="LineBreakBlob BlobObject DragDrop SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><span class="SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-wrap: nowrap !important; user-select: text;"> </span><br class="SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-wrap: nowrap !important; user-select: text;" /></span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"></span><span class="LineBreakBlob BlobObject DragDrop SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><span class="SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-wrap: nowrap !important; user-select: text;"> </span><br class="SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-wrap: nowrap !important; user-select: text;" /></span><span class="TextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Don’t think that this is the end of the story. I have only look</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">ed at the temperature here. There will be areas struck by severe</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> thunderstorms and floods </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">mainly in</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> areas out</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">side the heat wave. We have already seen exampl</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">es of this over the past few weeks. </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Thus,</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> the summer of extremes is likely to continue.</span></span><span class="LineBreakBlob BlobObject DragDrop SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><span class="SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-wrap: nowrap !important; user-select: text;"> </span><br class="SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-wrap: nowrap !important; user-select: text;" /></span><span class="TextRun EmptyTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"></span><span class="LineBreakBlob BlobObject DragDrop SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><span class="SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-wrap: nowrap !important; user-select: text;"> </span><br class="SCXW2401885 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-wrap: nowrap !important; user-select: text;" /></span><span class="TextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">I wonder what August will look</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-parastyle="No Spacing" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> like.</span></span><span class="EOP SCXW2401885 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></span></p></div>Jim Gandyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12600726319082481571noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5247087435042328870.post-62324551773430283642022-01-14T16:15:00.000-05:002022-01-14T16:15:22.737-05:00Southeast Storm January 15-16, 2022 <div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW45221662" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW45221662 BCX0" paraeid="{c376c3de-0f96-4e12-8b6d-f07540763261}{171}" paraid="1452721758" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW45221662 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: Georgia, Georgia_EmbeddedFont, Georgia_MSFontService, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 20.5042px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Winter Storm Thoughts:</span><span class="EOP SCXW45221662 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335551550":1,"335551620":1,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: Georgia, Georgia_EmbeddedFont, Georgia_MSFontService, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 20.5042px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">
</span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW45221662" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW45221662 BCX0" paraeid="{c376c3de-0f96-4e12-8b6d-f07540763261}{177}" paraid="148489275" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW45221662 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: Georgia, Georgia_EmbeddedFont, Georgia_MSFontService, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 20.5042px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW45221662 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">A storm system will be moving through the Southeast this weekend bringing a variety of winter precipitation. Most of the </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW45221662 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">bad weather</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW45221662 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> for the Carolinas will be on Sunday. The computer models this week have been producing some wild solutions. These usually resolve themselves as we get closer to the event. The following is directed to the areas of central South Carolina.</span></span><span class="EOP SCXW45221662 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335551550":1,"335551620":1,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: Georgia, Georgia_EmbeddedFont, Georgia_MSFontService, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 20.5042px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">
</span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW45221662" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW45221662 BCX0" paraeid="{c376c3de-0f96-4e12-8b6d-f07540763261}{187}" paraid="1422532636" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW45221662 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-style: italic; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 20.5042px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW45221662 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: Georgia, Georgia_EmbeddedFont, Georgia_MSFontService, serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Note: please consult the latest advisories and warnings from either the National Weather Service in your area or a trusted professional meteorologist. There are often </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW45221662 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: Georgia, Georgia_EmbeddedFont, Georgia_MSFontService, serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">last-minute</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW45221662 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: Georgia, Georgia_EmbeddedFont, Georgia_MSFontService, serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> changes which cannot be </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW45221662 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: Georgia, Georgia_EmbeddedFont, Georgia_MSFontService, serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">anticipated</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW45221662 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Georgia_EmbeddedFont, Georgia_MSFontService, serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"> here.
</span></span>
</span></span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW45221662" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW45221662 BCX0" paraeid="{c376c3de-0f96-4e12-8b6d-f07540763261}{201}" paraid="880680343" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW45221662 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: Georgia, Georgia_EmbeddedFont, Georgia_MSFontService, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 20.5042px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">An upper-level storm system will be moving through the Southeast on Sunday as depicted in the picture below. Warm, moist air will be streaming northward of the system and pushing over the cold, dry air in the Carolinas. This will produce the winter precipitation this weekend.</span><span class="EOP SCXW45221662 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335551550":1,"335551620":1,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: Georgia, Georgia_EmbeddedFont, Georgia_MSFontService, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 20.5042px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW45221662" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW45221662 BCX0" paraeid="{c376c3de-0f96-4e12-8b6d-f07540763261}{207}" paraid="864817210" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW45221662 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: Georgia, Georgia_EmbeddedFont, Georgia_MSFontService, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 20.5042px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW45221662 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"></span></span><span class="EOP SCXW45221662 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335551550":1,"335551620":1,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: Georgia, Georgia_EmbeddedFont, Georgia_MSFontService, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 20.5042px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW45221662" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW45221662 BCX0" paraeid="{c376c3de-0f96-4e12-8b6d-f07540763261}{211}" paraid="1181173922" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEixhmJPTNlW_OYZOhKZbJgyTkM59Z9LN3sNjMhd9DDBVcUrqlHw1AHlpK5R3I4hGrW9Upn9tcJz_E88zDJPOYMd9DNwwTmi0Z6p9cwlCrzp8nCFe277wEBl1u329DTKiHvLjiE_jeZr9FHp_cCKbJjvZ4Ew7Zllg_0jn-9q3k1XiQ3rxU2grohpxT2IQg=s2024" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1538" data-original-width="2024" height="304" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEixhmJPTNlW_OYZOhKZbJgyTkM59Z9LN3sNjMhd9DDBVcUrqlHw1AHlpK5R3I4hGrW9Upn9tcJz_E88zDJPOYMd9DNwwTmi0Z6p9cwlCrzp8nCFe277wEBl1u329DTKiHvLjiE_jeZr9FHp_cCKbJjvZ4Ew7Zllg_0jn-9q3k1XiQ3rxU2grohpxT2IQg=w400-h304" width="400" /></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: windowtext;">The storm system at 500 mbs at 7 a.m. ET Sunday, January 16, 2022. credit: Pivotal Weather</span></div><span style="background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-family: Georgia, Georgia_EmbeddedFont, Georgia_MSFontService, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span><p></p><p class="Paragraph SCXW45221662 BCX0" paraeid="{c376c3de-0f96-4e12-8b6d-f07540763261}{211}" paraid="1181173922" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW45221662" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW45221662 BCX0" paraeid="{c376c3de-0f96-4e12-8b6d-f07540763261}{221}" paraid="1534387064" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW45221662 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: Georgia, Georgia_EmbeddedFont, Georgia_MSFontService, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 20.5042px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Precipitation will be spread across the Southeast on Saturday and will begin to move into the Carolinas Saturday night. It will start as rain in the midlands of South Carolina and could be mixed with sleet in the northern sections at the onset. The rain will change to freezing rain as the air cools from evaporation. Ice will begin to accumulate, but it will be a problem for those areas north of I-20.
</span><span class="EOP SCXW45221662 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335551550":1,"335551620":1,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: Georgia, Georgia_EmbeddedFont, Georgia_MSFontService, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 20.5042px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW45221662" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW45221662 BCX0" paraeid="{c376c3de-0f96-4e12-8b6d-f07540763261}{227}" paraid="1807306448" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW45221662 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 20.5042px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Georgia_EmbeddedFont, Georgia_MSFontService, serif;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Ice accumulation in the Columbia area should be confined to about 0.1 inch. This is not enough to cause much in the way of power outages. Most of the freezing rain will occur between 5 a.m. and 10 a.m. for Columbia.
</span></span>
</span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW45221662" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW45221662 BCX0" paraeid="{c376c3de-0f96-4e12-8b6d-f07540763261}{233}" paraid="744383575" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW45221662 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: Georgia, Georgia_EmbeddedFont, Georgia_MSFontService, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 20.5042px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">The picture below shows what the situation will look like at daybreak on Sunday. Winds will be increasing in the Carolinas in advance of the system with gusts up to 40 mph. This will create a dangerous wind chill in some areas and may aggravate the number of power outages across the region.</span><span class="EOP SCXW45221662 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335551550":1,"335551620":1,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: Georgia, Georgia_EmbeddedFont, Georgia_MSFontService, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 20.5042px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW45221662" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW45221662 BCX0" paraeid="{c376c3de-0f96-4e12-8b6d-f07540763261}{239}" paraid="243974062" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW45221662 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: Georgia, Georgia_EmbeddedFont, Georgia_MSFontService, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 20.5042px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW45221662 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"></span></span><span class="EOP SCXW45221662 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335551550":1,"335551620":1,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: Georgia, Georgia_EmbeddedFont, Georgia_MSFontService, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 20.5042px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW45221662" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgsnJjbaZOm-Rrl4LoHs787Q8CtwJ_C2v_CvM8uiTh_WHa7EU-7-NPjdLbX-jibHyeVVYp3GARI1iEiumt9nW_fwE4pfPRWpt1YhJ0q-g8d9BJqw1pd-3qa9vK48dhIbUVkMFiCqR7qoXn7PNtu-IFmTMeg-meL1f3u9GswnH3v4oTWvxIX0dVe9TLjRQ=s2024" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1538" data-original-width="2024" height="304" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgsnJjbaZOm-Rrl4LoHs787Q8CtwJ_C2v_CvM8uiTh_WHa7EU-7-NPjdLbX-jibHyeVVYp3GARI1iEiumt9nW_fwE4pfPRWpt1YhJ0q-g8d9BJqw1pd-3qa9vK48dhIbUVkMFiCqR7qoXn7PNtu-IFmTMeg-meL1f3u9GswnH3v4oTWvxIX0dVe9TLjRQ=w400-h304" width="400" /></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;">Surface projection at 7 a.m. Sunday, January 16, 2022, from the ECMWF model. This is a 48 hour projection. credit: Pivotal Weather.</span></div><p class="Paragraph SCXW45221662 BCX0" paraeid="{c376c3de-0f96-4e12-8b6d-f07540763261}{243}" paraid="576765555" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-kerning: none; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW45221662" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW45221662 BCX0" paraeid="{c376c3de-0f96-4e12-8b6d-f07540763261}{249}" paraid="1779150507" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW45221662 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: Georgia, Georgia_EmbeddedFont, Georgia_MSFontService, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 20.5042px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW45221662 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"></span></span><span class="EOP SCXW45221662 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335551550":1,"335551620":1,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: Georgia, Georgia_EmbeddedFont, Georgia_MSFontService, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 20.5042px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW45221662" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW45221662 BCX0" paraeid="{c376c3de-0f96-4e12-8b6d-f07540763261}{253}" paraid="1188988463" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW45221662 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: Georgia, Georgia_EmbeddedFont, Georgia_MSFontService, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 20.5042px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW45221662 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">The ice accumulation will increase to the north of I-20. Amounts of about .25-.50 inch can be expected from Newberry County to Chesterfield County. Power outages will be more likely there. The worst icing will be through the piedmont of South Carolina into central North Carolina and power outages will </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW45221662 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">likely be</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW45221662 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> widespread.</span></span><span class="EOP SCXW45221662 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335551550":1,"335551620":1,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: Georgia, Georgia_EmbeddedFont, Georgia_MSFontService, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 20.5042px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW45221662" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW45221662 BCX0" paraeid="{2b8ee2ba-343a-471e-9ac1-e7a91a02d15c}{8}" paraid="2091465290" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW45221662 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: Georgia, Georgia_EmbeddedFont, Georgia_MSFontService, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 20.5042px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW45221662 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"></span></span><span class="EOP SCXW45221662 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335551550":1,"335551620":1,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: Georgia, Georgia_EmbeddedFont, Georgia_MSFontService, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 20.5042px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW45221662" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEh7XLExGR1TCe40_b-2eZfDcjnWW8V_04y_kLoYoFqNkY4BwNyJk8QVq97zKU72JpGGYYoHAuQnxrusfAifjuIA3kR2_pzJzTgs7I69LWWdKuZKSj6x7pIS3YneDTIZse5Uvi28jRUiUoqjrigjjKzvPVc8T-w1HtXKXAjIF9n0QnUOpiKqIHgLmMT8DA=s2024" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1538" data-original-width="2024" height="243" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEh7XLExGR1TCe40_b-2eZfDcjnWW8V_04y_kLoYoFqNkY4BwNyJk8QVq97zKU72JpGGYYoHAuQnxrusfAifjuIA3kR2_pzJzTgs7I69LWWdKuZKSj6x7pIS3YneDTIZse5Uvi28jRUiUoqjrigjjKzvPVc8T-w1HtXKXAjIF9n0QnUOpiKqIHgLmMT8DA=s320" width="320" /></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Segoe UI, Segoe UI Web, Arial, Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12px;">Projected ice accumulation from the ECMWF model ending 7 a.m. Monday, January 17. credit: Pivotal Weather</span></span></div><p class="Paragraph SCXW45221662 BCX0" paraeid="{2b8ee2ba-343a-471e-9ac1-e7a91a02d15c}{12}" paraid="823161471" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-kerning: none; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW45221662" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW45221662 BCX0" paraeid="{2b8ee2ba-343a-471e-9ac1-e7a91a02d15c}{18}" paraid="1330743444" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW45221662 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: Georgia, Georgia_EmbeddedFont, Georgia_MSFontService, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 20.5042px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW45221662 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"></span></span><span class="EOP SCXW45221662 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335551550":1,"335551620":1,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: Georgia, Georgia_EmbeddedFont, Georgia_MSFontService, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 20.5042px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW45221662" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW45221662 BCX0" paraeid="{2b8ee2ba-343a-471e-9ac1-e7a91a02d15c}{22}" paraid="394442477" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW45221662 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: Georgia, Georgia_EmbeddedFont, Georgia_MSFontService, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 20.5042px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US">Most of the snow will be in the upstate of South Carolina and throughout much of western North Carolina. The highest snow totals will be in the mountains. The I-85 corridor will be an area hit by snow, freezing rain and sleet. It is expected to be difficult to travel through this area on Sunday.</span><span class="EOP SCXW45221662 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335551550":1,"335551620":1,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: Georgia, Georgia_EmbeddedFont, Georgia_MSFontService, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 20.5042px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW45221662" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW45221662 BCX0" paraeid="{2b8ee2ba-343a-471e-9ac1-e7a91a02d15c}{28}" paraid="1486110817" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW45221662 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: Georgia, Georgia_EmbeddedFont, Georgia_MSFontService, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 20.5042px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW45221662 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"></span></span><span class="EOP SCXW45221662 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335551550":1,"335551620":1,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: Georgia, Georgia_EmbeddedFont, Georgia_MSFontService, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 20.5042px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW45221662" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjBDrej7zw7SDwYFZDIVBYRxsmkaJ6wOX3obU5XiszjRmualytDpQoa9Ay2qUeb1BXTDAnsDcvXh9kizyNXI44RCiRWcbNt5etwmyiZSREtTkXNggBG5Q5xqVoCNbE-jnHX-DESF2PmlQ6FN126X4YOsDS0qPOk2XeE2kmPUNZIBZrib2BZbUorR9tKEA=s2024" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1538" data-original-width="2024" height="304" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjBDrej7zw7SDwYFZDIVBYRxsmkaJ6wOX3obU5XiszjRmualytDpQoa9Ay2qUeb1BXTDAnsDcvXh9kizyNXI44RCiRWcbNt5etwmyiZSREtTkXNggBG5Q5xqVoCNbE-jnHX-DESF2PmlQ6FN126X4YOsDS0qPOk2XeE2kmPUNZIBZrib2BZbUorR9tKEA=w400-h304" width="400" /></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Segoe UI, Segoe UI Web, Arial, Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 12px;">Projected snow accumulation from the ECMWF model as of 7 a.m. Monday, January 17, 2022. credit: Pivotal Weather</span></span></div><p class="Paragraph SCXW45221662 BCX0" paraeid="{2b8ee2ba-343a-471e-9ac1-e7a91a02d15c}{32}" paraid="468660818" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-kerning: none; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW45221662" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW45221662 BCX0" paraeid="{2b8ee2ba-343a-471e-9ac1-e7a91a02d15c}{38}" paraid="771314302" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW45221662 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: Georgia, Georgia_EmbeddedFont, Georgia_MSFontService, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 20.5042px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW45221662 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"></span></span><span class="EOP SCXW45221662 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335551550":1,"335551620":1,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: Georgia, Georgia_EmbeddedFont, Georgia_MSFontService, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 20.5042px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div><div class="OutlineElement Ltr BCX0 SCXW45221662" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: white; clear: both; cursor: text; direction: ltr; font-family: "Segoe UI", "Segoe UI Web", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: text;"><p class="Paragraph SCXW45221662 BCX0" paraeid="{2b8ee2ba-343a-471e-9ac1-e7a91a02d15c}{42}" paraid="266949362" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; background-color: transparent; color: windowtext; font-kerning: none; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; user-select: text; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="TextRun SCXW45221662 BCX0" data-contrast="auto" lang="EN-US" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: Georgia, Georgia_EmbeddedFont, Georgia_MSFontService, serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-ligatures: none !important; line-height: 20.5042px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;" xml:lang="EN-US"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW45221662 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">Thus, the area north of I-20 and inland up the East coast should prepare for winter weather. Travel will be difficult in many areas. Power outages and wind chill will create dangerous conditions for some. Keep up on the latest conditions and be prepared for anything. Conditions will only slowly improve </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW45221662 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;">next</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW45221662 BCX0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> week.</span></span><span class="EOP SCXW45221662 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335551550":1,"335551620":1,"335559739":160,"335559740":259}" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; -webkit-user-drag: none; font-family: Georgia, Georgia_EmbeddedFont, Georgia_MSFontService, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 20.5042px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: text;"> </span></p></div>Jim Gandyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12600726319082481571noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5247087435042328870.post-33056017849368016862020-08-05T13:46:00.001-04:002020-08-05T21:13:22.495-04:00Ten Years of Climate Matters<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><font face="georgia"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Note:</span></b><span style="font-size: 12pt;"> I am not the official
historian for Climate Matters, but I was there in the beginning. Much has
happened behind the scenes to make this program a success. </span><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Many
played a part in the program over the years and you made a difference. Thank
you so much from this broadcast meteorologist.</span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><font face="georgia">There
are many in the program and I hope they will contribute to the ongoing story of
this extraordinary effort. This is my story.</font></span></p><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b><span style="font-family: georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;">Background:</span></b><b><span style="font-family: georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><font face="georgia">Climate
Matters was Joe Witte’s idea who had spent a career as a broadcast
meteorologist in Philadelphia, New York City, and Washington, D.C. Why not use
weathercasts to educate viewers about climate change? One day in 2009 Joe
approached Ed Maibach, director of the Center for Climate Change Communication
at George Mason University, with that question. Their conversation led to writing
a grant proposal to the National Science Foundation.<o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><font face="georgia">They
needed certain things to be in place before submitting the proposal. Joe sent
an email to Paul Gross, head of the Station Scientist Committee of the American
Meteorological Society, asking for someone to be an advisor to the project. Dan
Satterfield got his name in first and became that advisor. A few days later Joe
asked if I would consider becoming the test case.</font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><font face="georgia">My
reply as to why I should be the test case was that “I do not live in a red state;
I live in a dark red state. If you can talk about climate change here, you can
talk about it anywhere.” Rich O’Dell, General Manager for WLTX-TV, wrote the
letter pledging our support to the grant proposal.</font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><font face="georgia">The
National Science Foundation approved the grant in the fall of 2009 and planning
began for a meeting of all of the participants. That meeting occurred at George
Mason University on November 30, 2009. It brought together George Mason
University, Climate Central, and WLTX-TV in a pioneering program that would be
called Climate Matters to educate viewers about how climate change was
affecting them locally.</font></span></p>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqn7apJo8Ax-sY96T5fqWseMHMNZUSImfYe5goJBk06prOXVnWY3UBJBstG-uC80WzH5KX2lSoIUn0P-H_cC4GHZtrlZ3RC6i-s-2XC5lB0YoKqbW_c-hmMTr-GMond3B_HlYC7oCG0xDl/s754/Climate-Matters-Wx-Center.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="481" data-original-width="754" height="255" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqn7apJo8Ax-sY96T5fqWseMHMNZUSImfYe5goJBk06prOXVnWY3UBJBstG-uC80WzH5KX2lSoIUn0P-H_cC4GHZtrlZ3RC6i-s-2XC5lB0YoKqbW_c-hmMTr-GMond3B_HlYC7oCG0xDl/w400-h255/Climate-Matters-Wx-Center.png" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">WLTX Weather Center</td></tr></tbody></table><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><br /></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><font face="georgia">A Field Experiment:</font></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><font face="georgia">There
was much work to do from the initial meeting. The scientific field experiment
had to be designed so that we could see the reaction of the viewers. About a
dozen segments were developed by Climate Central along with the graphics. Those
were delivered to me when done and I had to get them into our graphics system
for use on air.</font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><font face="georgia">This
would take about six months to accomplish. During this time a pre-survey was
taken of the Columbia television market viewers to create the baseline for
measuring results. Once that was completed we could start the program.</font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><font face="georgia"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Climate
Matters aired for the first time on August 2, 2010 on WLTX-TV in Columbia,
South Carolina. The segments were all aired over the course of the next ten
months ending in June 2011. This was followed by a post-survey that took months
to complete. </span><span style="font-size: 12pt;">No
field experiment is ever perfect and this one had more than its fair share of
problems. However we persevered and were able to get results.</span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><font face="georgia">The
project was summarized in a <a href="https://journals.ametsoc.org/bams/article/95/1/117/90640/Climate-Change-Education-Through-TV-Weathercasts">paper</a> published in the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. It went
through extensive peer-review which made it a better paper. If you are in
broadcasting, I encourage you to read it (it is open access). We also published
a companion <a href="https://journals.ametsoc.org/wcas/article/5/4/367/877/If-They-Like-You-They-Learn-from-You-How-a-Brief">paper</a> based on work done in the summer of 2012.</font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><font face="georgia">Program Begins to Grow:</font></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><font face="georgia">It
was never my intention to stop doing Climate Matters when the field experiment
ended. However, it would have been harder without the support of Climate
Central. They were able to secure enough funding to keep the program going
while slowly expanding its reach to other markets. It was challenging at first
to satisfy all the requests, but the graphics were always first class and got
better over time.</font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><font face="georgia">One
of the segments that created the biggest reaction in the first year was about
how increasing carbon dioxide was increasing the growth of poison ivy as well
as the toxicity, based on an experiment at Duke University. This was and
continues to be an excellent example of ongoing climate change. In 2013 I
received the Award for Excellence in Science Reporting by a Broadcast
Meteorologist from the American Meteorological Society for this story.</font></span></p>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhA4m0A6UJGjK9LQH1YamWZ-zFr0i1HiS3X5Dbo5Lr6cDW7Q-lbk-aLz2ijJZarkTfbX3ZmsFqhcclo9nsiN2yz-ZyBEGzlhMV4BWKzPkhWNnu2oSo7cGQE6jLzIJ17rly-sO3SIV8JvaOP/s1600/AMS+Award+2013.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1600" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhA4m0A6UJGjK9LQH1YamWZ-zFr0i1HiS3X5Dbo5Lr6cDW7Q-lbk-aLz2ijJZarkTfbX3ZmsFqhcclo9nsiN2yz-ZyBEGzlhMV4BWKzPkhWNnu2oSo7cGQE6jLzIJ17rly-sO3SIV8JvaOP/w400-h300/AMS+Award+2013.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Receiving the Award for Excellence in Science Reporting by a Broadcast Meteorologist from Dr. Louis Uccellini, AMS President, in 2013.<br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><br /></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><font face="georgia">In
that same year a larger project to test Climate Matters began in Virginia. It
included broadcast meteorologists such Bob Ryan, Sean Sublette and Carrie Rose.
The program was getting bigger and Climate Central needed a director. They
hired Bernadette Woods Placky to be that director. She started on Earth Day
2013 and I’m sure she had her hands full that first year. However, she really
got the ball rolling and the program kept growing.</font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><font face="georgia">Bernadette
also helped organize workshops for broadcasters to learn more about climate
science. She was able to attract some of the nation’s top climate scientists.
The workshops were quite helpful and generated interest in the program. The
effort was often joined by Ed Maibach of George Mason University, Bud Ward,
co-founder of the Society of Environmental Journalists, and Susan Hassol of
Climate Communication.</font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><font face="georgia">Heidi
Cullen, a scientist at Climate Central, posted on Twitter a graphic in early
2014 showing how much we depended on California for our vegetables. The state
was in a terrible drought and it was about to get worse. I convinced WLTX-TV
that we could address the rising costs of vegetables by showing viewers how to
garden. They agreed and Gandy’s Garden was born. It was a success and was an
offshoot of Climate Matters. The garden will be the topic of a future post.</font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><font face="georgia">Recognition
of the program began to grow. I was interviewed by Rolling Stone Magazine, The
New York Times, Washington Post, Los Angeles Times, Columbia Journalism Review
and many other publications in addition to National Public Radio. Even the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) took note and produced
the following video:</font></span></p>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/ISLmyNn6iQE" width="320" youtube-src-id="ISLmyNn6iQE"></iframe></div><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><br /></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><font face="georgia"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">I
was invited to the White House to interview President Obama as part of the
release of the 3</span><sup>rd</sup><span style="font-size: 12pt;"> National Climate Assessment. You can see more of
that in my post of May, 2014.</span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><font face="georgia">And Grow It Did:</font></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><font face="georgia">I
was delighted when 100 broadcast meteorologists had signed up to use Climate
Matters. However, Climate Central worked with George Mason University, Yale
Climate Connections, Climate Communications, NOAA, NASA and the American
Meteorological Society to continue to expand the numbers. By the time I retired
in 2019 there were more than 700 broadcast meteorologists using Climate
Matters. The program had spread internationally and expanded to include
journalists.</font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><font face="georgia">Last
summer I had the pleasure of spending part of the day at Climate Central based
in Princeton, New Jersey. I had never been there in all of the years working
with them. I was amazed at how much planning and work goes into producing
material for each individual market. When you see Climate Matters in your
television market it often represents data specific to your market. Now
multiply that by over 200 markets and it is truly a herculean effort.</font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><font face="georgia">Reflection:</font></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><font face="georgia">I
have been retired for just over a year and Climate Matters celebrated its tenth
anniversary on August 2, 2020. The material is now seen in 93% of the U.S.
television markets and is used by 940 broadcast meteorologists and 690
journalists as of the end of July. It has come a long way in 10 years.</font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><font face="georgia">Thinking
back to the beginning I could not imagine the program being as large as it is
today. However, even then I predicted that a discussion of climate change would
become the norm in weathercasts one day. It happened faster than I imagined.</font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><font face="georgia">Joe
Witte’s idea has blossomed into a worldwide effort. Joe recently summed it up
in a note “…who would have guessed 10 years?...The model of the three sectors
of climate scientists, the TV mets as communicators, and communication
academics made for well-crafted messages.” Well said Joe and thanks for getting
to ball rolling.</font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><font face="georgia"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Thanks
to everyone who had a part in this. I do not know everyone, but it’s safe to
say that you made a difference. Just before the 10</span><sup>th</sup><span style="font-size: 12pt;"> anniversary another
paper (https://journals.ametsoc.org/wcas/article/doi/10.1175/WCAS-D-20-0026.1/353498/Impact-of-the-Climate-Matters-Program-on-Public)
was accepted for publication in the AMS journal Weather, Climate, and Society
entitled “Impact of the Climate Matters Program on Public Understanding of
Climate Change”. The final sentence in the abstract states: “These findings
suggest that climate reporting by TV weathercasters, as enabled by the Climate
Matters program, may be increasing the climate literacy (of) the American
people.” Good information by trusted sources will help inform decisions.</span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><font face="georgia"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Alex
Calamia, WLTX-TV morning meteorologist, recently interviewed me for the 10</span><sup>th</sup><span style="font-size: 12pt;">
anniversary. Here is the full interview which is about 40 minutes. My thanks to
Alex for his work in producing this video, I hope you enjoy.</span></font></p>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/hesN6nEDlX8" width="320" youtube-src-id="hesN6nEDlX8"></iframe></div><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><br /></p>Jim Gandyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12600726319082481571noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5247087435042328870.post-26268450216373859752020-08-02T09:28:00.000-04:002020-08-02T09:28:47.683-04:00I'm Back<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><font face="georgia">Every year became busier as I progressed through my career. Maybe you noticed the same in your career. Each year I would vow to reduce my workload and enjoy life a little more, but to no avail. Finally it came to the point that I had to prioritize tasks and some had to be dropped. That was the case with my blog.</font></p><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: georgia;">The blog went on hiatus after my visit to the White House for the release of the 3rd National Climate Assessment. I simply had too many projects to do all of them well. Some of these projects exceeded my wildest expectations and will be the topic of future posts.</span></p><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Now that I have retired from television I am released from the daily grind of having to make the most accurate forecast. I did not think I would ever tire of this early in my career, but after 44 years it was time to step away.</span></p><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: georgia;">It has been a little over six years since I last posted on this blog and much has happened in that time. The most time consuming project began in 2013 and it became Gandy’s Garden. At times I combined it with Climate Matters as it was an offshoot from that program. This will be the focus of my next post.</span></p><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: georgia;">The weather acted up as there were a number of record events like the South Carolina Flood of 2015. The hottest month on record occurred in July, 2016 and in the fall another flood ravaged the eastern part of the state. In 2018 another flood occurred in North Carolina and South Carolina from Hurricane Florence. The town of Nichols, South Carolina was inundated for the second time in two years. There has been much to talk about, but little time to analyze much less talk. Thus, there is plenty of material for the blog over the next few months.</span></p><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: georgia;">During this time I won awards for specific work and for a lifetime of work. I was awarded an EMMA and an Emmy from the southeast chapter of the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences in 2016 for the South Carolina Flood of 2015. Later that year I was a Silver Circle awardee for lifelong work as a broadcast meteorologist by the same organization. Upon retiring from broadcasting (not meteorology) I was given a Service Award from the National Weather Service and Special Congressional Recognition from the U.S. House of Representatives (Rep. Joe Wilson). In addition I was given the Key of the City from Columbia (Major Steve Benjamin), and resolutions from Richland County and the SC State Senate.</span></p><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: georgia;"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrlG3PUskH1dX7K4kE0NZ1zjvA01Q5ehrlAPoLRsG_X4K0HcvsJdTVNt69Fp9Et3qq_n00vVsdXdZtGiYNpCHYu-m9xETO6AWyu2TC353B1mzQYb0DvdF_DfjdR6kTZGkFFXI9mnoG1kMw/s2048/DSC09890.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1152" data-original-width="2048" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrlG3PUskH1dX7K4kE0NZ1zjvA01Q5ehrlAPoLRsG_X4K0HcvsJdTVNt69Fp9Et3qq_n00vVsdXdZtGiYNpCHYu-m9xETO6AWyu2TC353B1mzQYb0DvdF_DfjdR6kTZGkFFXI9mnoG1kMw/w400-h225/DSC09890.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Receiving a service award from the National Weather Service in Columbia, SC.<br /></td></tr></tbody></table><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIyN_Y4DUl0pQGUSBGDd2paRougJweYTspoDXpWGhXYufTjIS0vdctrsgaBNfVMJIZ9_IVe3cLb8P4V9nsnhw1BdZZlTtFg4ikdT5NNkQz9Me-fxK5BHfTeDIcHigY9A9iiuWhVY6cHjA5/s2048/DSC09508.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1152" data-original-width="2048" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIyN_Y4DUl0pQGUSBGDd2paRougJweYTspoDXpWGhXYufTjIS0vdctrsgaBNfVMJIZ9_IVe3cLb8P4V9nsnhw1BdZZlTtFg4ikdT5NNkQz9Me-fxK5BHfTeDIcHigY9A9iiuWhVY6cHjA5/w400-h225/DSC09508.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Special Recognition from US Representative Joe Wilson.</td></tr></tbody></table><br /></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjkes7TBZBl6sqhyphenhyphenlwD6xMnEP80VCPP1hYy-IsQqoh1M-xNixtPC-AgtzGus8AyVBWPO4qTZtHqp6LMorsTnezO0oubt_2DiGkRHERv5kKhO5tUtagg-G9bY1ATtkotyXMLDmKO5eMV-N26/s2048/DSC09470.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1152" data-original-width="2048" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjkes7TBZBl6sqhyphenhyphenlwD6xMnEP80VCPP1hYy-IsQqoh1M-xNixtPC-AgtzGus8AyVBWPO4qTZtHqp6LMorsTnezO0oubt_2DiGkRHERv5kKhO5tUtagg-G9bY1ATtkotyXMLDmKO5eMV-N26/w400-h225/DSC09470.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Receiving the Key to the City from Columbia Mayor Steve Benjamin.</td></tr></tbody></table><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Two rare honors came my way. In 2018 I was elected as a Fellow of the American Meteorological Society. I sometimes have to pinch myself over that one. It was a privilege to be elected in the same year as my friend and colleague Paul Gross.</span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgoIdVEhTEnvZjrZinVthaoQd2xFbW2LSDUH-RbKqtc9IfjBcrT5wJgzQegd-ZMLi24_VAd7wi_qNIUZnwyuNsbrGceHn3gGEYj12uTE9xQZLh_EHblmOb08CKLBXP0GM5FPMtZKc0BvvZZ/s2048/IMG_0890.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgoIdVEhTEnvZjrZinVthaoQd2xFbW2LSDUH-RbKqtc9IfjBcrT5wJgzQegd-ZMLi24_VAd7wi_qNIUZnwyuNsbrGceHn3gGEYj12uTE9xQZLh_EHblmOb08CKLBXP0GM5FPMtZKc0BvvZZ/w400-h300/IMG_0890.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">New Fellows of AMS 2018. President Roger Wakamoto is between me and Paul Gross.</td></tr></tbody></table><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: georgia;">I was given the Order of the Palmetto by South Carolina Governor Henry McMaster for service to South Carolina over the past 34 years upon retirement. This is the highest civilian award given by the state of South Carolina. It means a lot to be recognized by the community in that way.</span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3tGr7OmVOj06CI9qZrw65la3Qp_inhLShQo7v-k7GMnK-xBBztY0M7uhnCLDEiQImCSj1S-3XUeVbpb7gTsIkACezt7xf7EYmJo-r5iNNDHUPsQKAUdY6WHtYcaAscEtMxEczrCqdm2qI/s2048/DSC09961.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1152" data-original-width="2048" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3tGr7OmVOj06CI9qZrw65la3Qp_inhLShQo7v-k7GMnK-xBBztY0M7uhnCLDEiQImCSj1S-3XUeVbpb7gTsIkACezt7xf7EYmJo-r5iNNDHUPsQKAUdY6WHtYcaAscEtMxEczrCqdm2qI/w400-h225/DSC09961.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Receiving the Order of the Palmetto.</td></tr></tbody></table><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: georgia;">It has been humbling to receive so much recognition. Those who know me know that I never expected this. My goal was to do the best job I could for the community by producing the best and most reliable forecast. Our records and those of independent observers rated our forecasts as the best.</span></p><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Going forward the blog will cover the topics of weather and climate as it has in the past. However, it will sometime delve into topics not directly related to meteorology such as a pandemic. There is so much misinformation on social media that needs to be exposed and corrected. I will try to do that at times with science that is peer-reviewed and not just opinion. My social media presence will continue on Facebook (Jim Gandy WX) and Twitter (@JimGandyWX)</span></p>Jim Gandyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12600726319082481571noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5247087435042328870.post-82254247018571398522014-05-08T02:20:00.000-04:002014-05-09T21:31:31.323-04:00My Day at the White House<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<br />
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Background:</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">On
April 23<sup>rd</sup> my news director, Marybeth Jacoby, received an email from
NASA stating that the 3<sup>rd</sup> National Climate Assessment would be
released on Tuesday, May 6<sup>th</sup>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>She forwarded the email with a note “How can we make this BIG?”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I started thinking about how I would
approach it.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">I
received a call from the White House just after our 7 p.m. newscast on
Thursday, May 2<sup>nd</sup>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was
Keith Maley, Regional Communications Director, and he was inviting me to the White
House for the release of the 3<sup>rd</sup> National Climate Assessment.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I was being invited because of my work in
educating viewers about how climate change was already affecting their lives
and how it would impact them in the future.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>WLTX-TV partnered with the Center for Climate Change Communication at
George Mason University and Climate Central to develop a program called Climate
Matters.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
segments began airing in August 2010 and were highly focused topics used within
the weathercasts.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Typically these segments
ran from 30 to 60 seconds not including anchor interaction.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">I
was delighted to be able to accept their invitation.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>What an honor!<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As you can imagine there was a lot a planning
to do at the last minute.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There was a
scramble to book flights and hotel for an event taking place on Tuesday, May 6<sup>th</sup>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I also responded to Marybeth’s email “It
doesn’t get much bigger than a presidential interview. Mission Accomplished!"</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">My
producer, Sharranda Neal, and I flew out of Columbia, SC, Monday morning and
arrived in Washington, D.C., mid-afternoon.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>We hit the ground running trying to shoot stand-ups for the evening
shows and the morning show the next day.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>There were a host of technical issues we had to overcome, but we managed
to get the job done.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">We
returned to the hotel quite tired and prepared for the next day that we knew
would be hectic.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We were not disappointed.</span></div>
<a name='more'></a><br />
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">5:45 a.m.:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> OMG! It’s the alarm!
Stop that noise!!</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">I
rolled out of bed and got ready for the day.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>About an hour later I called Sharranda and said that we needed to eat
breakfast before going to the White House.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>I had received word that they would not be providing lunch, but that we
could bring our own.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Not going to
happen.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I knew we would be too busy for
that.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We finished breakfast and we were
off to the White House.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Fortunately we
left early in anticipation of the morning traffic.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">8:20 a.m.:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Arrived at the White House</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Some
of the participants were already there, but I ran into Jeff Renner, KING-TV,
Seattle, WA, and John Morales, WTVJ-TV, Miami, FL, going through security.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was nice to run into old acquaintances. We
were met by Keith and others and escorted to the Press Briefing Room of the
White House.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In my mind I felt like I
was reliving a scene from the television series West Wing.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Once
there I immediately recognized Janice Huff from WNBC, New York.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Others began to arrive and soon everyone was
there.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There were eight broadcast
meteorologists that were invited to the White House:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1.
Ginger Zee – “Good Morning America” (ABC)</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">2.
Megan Glaros – "This Morning" and Chicago, IL (CBS)</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">3.
Jim Gandy – Columbia, SC (CBS)</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">4.
Bill Martin – San Francisco, CA (FOX)</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">5.
Al Roker – “Today Show” (NBC) </span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">6.
Janice Huff – New York, NY (NBC) </span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">7.
John Morales – Miami, FL (NBC)</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">8.
Jeff Renner – Seattle, WA (NBC)</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">It
was great to see everyone.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpLu0mHOaJWLvP0nBVvB-e09NvKzsoELijFYK0vFoKuDPN6t4mviHnwfnZUaJ6yBMmm8KypRu8fIHA-pTgpULqG6zvPKqwu8BypxeYmDlKaQuOtCOgg9flqL3-0mA60xaS0s4tg5KKvT3E/s1600/Jim+&+NBCs+DC.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpLu0mHOaJWLvP0nBVvB-e09NvKzsoELijFYK0vFoKuDPN6t4mviHnwfnZUaJ6yBMmm8KypRu8fIHA-pTgpULqG6zvPKqwu8BypxeYmDlKaQuOtCOgg9flqL3-0mA60xaS0s4tg5KKvT3E/s1600/Jim+&+NBCs+DC.jpg" height="300" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">From left to right: Jeff Brenner, Jim Gandy, Janice Huff, John Morales. Image Credit: Sharranda Neal, WLTX.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><br /></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">9 a.m.:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> First Briefing</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">We
were escorted over to the Eisenhower Building for the first of three briefings
for the day.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Here we met senior administration
officials.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Each one presented
information about the findings in the assessment and how their agencies were
involved.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was a short summary, but enough
to get a sense of the enormity of the effort by the federal government.</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWdvu3XCemf9XRjvBIbSm42DNwz6yYnoOUF5FNR4PQyJUkjC8pwa2NXFn8jUYRvEHSjjxkas6-jiXFDaTqDNv-cpnX_gtAOk0vJG6Q7JL4t3rqfpktSh5rVO5WwnkOF1St4A6df5cm9aru/s1600/First+briefing+DC.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWdvu3XCemf9XRjvBIbSm42DNwz6yYnoOUF5FNR4PQyJUkjC8pwa2NXFn8jUYRvEHSjjxkas6-jiXFDaTqDNv-cpnX_gtAOk0vJG6Q7JL4t3rqfpktSh5rVO5WwnkOF1St4A6df5cm9aru/s1600/First+briefing+DC.jpg" height="300" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">First briefing of the day with administration officials. Image Credit: Sharranda Neal, WLTX.</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">There
was an opportunity to ask questions, and I started the questions with Robert
Bonnie on the economic impact of climate change on forests and
agriculture.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He said that there would be
impacts, but it was difficult to put a dollar figure on it.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Supporting jobs to these industries would be
affected as well.</span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">9:50 a.m.:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Interviews</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">It
was time to move to the South Lawn of the White House for interviews with the
administration officials.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As you can
imagine it was a tall order to get the interviews done in an hour when you have
eight broadcast meteorologists vying to get interviews.</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrO_Tv45gU-43ZHQ3iyHcbF_if8HKc7C5Uj0f6kHgXZM8Dr0YnxKBi0PDrHK_W-T9Vp854Z9qb4Tfb0bm8ZeVl0eg_xEgnKPjcpdL_RZ3Qf404A_Jau9nnLZ0X_ZmUu88XMo0aNSl8jBjF/s1600/Preparing+for+interviews+DC.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrO_Tv45gU-43ZHQ3iyHcbF_if8HKc7C5Uj0f6kHgXZM8Dr0YnxKBi0PDrHK_W-T9Vp854Z9qb4Tfb0bm8ZeVl0eg_xEgnKPjcpdL_RZ3Qf404A_Jau9nnLZ0X_ZmUu88XMo0aNSl8jBjF/s1600/Preparing+for+interviews+DC.jpg" height="300" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Jim Gandy preparing for interviews. Image credit: Sharranda Neal, WLTX.</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">My
first interview was with Robert Bonnie.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Forests and agriculture are big businesses in South Carolina and this
was great.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I was able to follow up on my
question in the briefing.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Turns out that
Mr. Bonnie was well aware of South Carolina and its forests.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He had just spent some time in the Francis
Marion Forest.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We talked about how
climate change would impact forests from heat, droughts, and disease.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He also discussed how extreme heat and
intense rains would impact the agricultural community.</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhuVwR7cJO7nO-lINp0F-cjuNwphE-8tMKcQyKzhO4UYl9sAVRQVJ0dPNo2x8oAEmASv4G92-OVClZJYoDk0ZhmVRE7e8IsiA7_4_UxFlyWLceYlPRqZB2unAyEIlnXFEeM5ecC_X82gGzJ/s1600/Robert+Bonnie+USDA.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhuVwR7cJO7nO-lINp0F-cjuNwphE-8tMKcQyKzhO4UYl9sAVRQVJ0dPNo2x8oAEmASv4G92-OVClZJYoDk0ZhmVRE7e8IsiA7_4_UxFlyWLceYlPRqZB2unAyEIlnXFEeM5ecC_X82gGzJ/s1600/Robert+Bonnie+USDA.jpg" height="300" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Interview with Robert Bonnie, Under Secretary at the US Department of Agriculture. The photographer is Danielle Gill, WUSA-TV. Image Credit: Sharranda Neal, WLTX.</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Next
I got a chance to interview the president’s science advisor, Dr. John
Holdren.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was very gracious to give me
such a long interview.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The full
interview is available on the website at: <a href="http://www.wltx.com/story/weather/forecast/climate/2014/05/07/dr-john-holdren-jim-gandy-climate-change/8817753/">http://www.wltx.com/story/weather/forecast/climate/2014/05/07/dr-john-holdren-jim-gandy-climate-change/8817753/</a>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7M8jwreYrO_-MUKzsv8-JxpKccrssF6aDZBVoV_sr70FMbdTXFrz6TYbTKoWNPmALvOpr8AU57o8W9JNsaRssd4jUST3KDn51ufPDkgl8N1u-6D269uEFAEjgI14bXurYv522ZvWIF5Yw/s1600/John+Holdren+DC.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7M8jwreYrO_-MUKzsv8-JxpKccrssF6aDZBVoV_sr70FMbdTXFrz6TYbTKoWNPmALvOpr8AU57o8W9JNsaRssd4jUST3KDn51ufPDkgl8N1u-6D269uEFAEjgI14bXurYv522ZvWIF5Yw/s1600/John+Holdren+DC.jpg" height="300" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Interview with Dr. John Holdren, president's science advisor. Image Credit: Sharranda Neal, WLTX.</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Wait,
what’s this? <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Stop the presses.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Enter Bo and Sunny.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I could see the handler bringing the dogs
from the Rose Garden and you guessed it.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>All interviews stopped.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Everyone
(officials, mets, producers, and photogs) had to get their picture taken with
the dogs.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>What a nice diversion.</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjGp_Wex9sFpkvRcTJTJ_76DYOIvE8WaB-Xlf7QnhYg61-_jOOxCR-4tYuxwE5ASe85tc90WCkxdvu60HU99PIm19ogP6_fvXtkSVg_BGSIgHhD_4QO9tkVTrvWybP91ZNbxLI9h76N5qgy/s1600/Bo+&+Sonny+DC.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjGp_Wex9sFpkvRcTJTJ_76DYOIvE8WaB-Xlf7QnhYg61-_jOOxCR-4tYuxwE5ASe85tc90WCkxdvu60HU99PIm19ogP6_fvXtkSVg_BGSIgHhD_4QO9tkVTrvWybP91ZNbxLI9h76N5qgy/s1600/Bo+&+Sonny+DC.jpg" height="400" width="300" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Me with Bo & Sunny. Image Credit: WLTX.</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">My
final interview was with NOAA Administrator Dr. Kathryn Sullivan.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This agency includes the National Weather
Service, Ocean Service, Fisheries, and National Climatic Data Center.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I was only able to get a couple of questions
in as time was running out.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>However, I
was able to ask her how this assessment differed from the previous assessment.</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEii7a8SPwQMl1MoG7gNh-2K2Wvkbhb9XgvPXls5VwwKNKfxZ5TRv0xaf2r3VvUyWFT-R1HtGiYu0nub1mZWw1AM6qpZkWXj1HbMzhd6Fr_I7fbsiylFGrAMoeiKZ6_d0jWIM-A2LwQUC1O8/s1600/Kathryn+Sullivan+DC.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEii7a8SPwQMl1MoG7gNh-2K2Wvkbhb9XgvPXls5VwwKNKfxZ5TRv0xaf2r3VvUyWFT-R1HtGiYu0nub1mZWw1AM6qpZkWXj1HbMzhd6Fr_I7fbsiylFGrAMoeiKZ6_d0jWIM-A2LwQUC1O8/s1600/Kathryn+Sullivan+DC.jpg" height="300" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">NOAA administrator, Dr. Kathryn Sullivan. Image Credit: Sharranda Neal, WLTX.</span></td></tr>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">11:10 a.m.:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Second Briefing</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">We
were running a little late with the interviews so time was slipping for the
next briefing.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This was with John
Podesta and Dr. John Holdren.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was an
overview of the assessment and how the administration plans to address climate
change.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The strategy consists of three
parts: mitigation, adaptation & resilience, and international efforts.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mitigation
involves efforts to reduce carbon emissions and a move to alternative
energy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Efforts are also underway to
help communities adapt to an already changing climate and become more resilient
to extreme weather.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Finally the
administration wants to lead the international effort to reach agreement among
all countries to reduce carbon emissions.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>No pictures were allowed here.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Sorry!</span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">11:50 a.m.:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Live Shot</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">I
had to leave the briefing early to make it to my live shot for the noon newscast
on WLTX.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Arrangements had been made with
CBS to use their facility at the White House to do the live shot.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Kudos to the CBS crew.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They were super to work with and very
professional.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The live shot looked great
and they made the job easy.</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh50irPF2S0-McWeDwocS3FlGL-xQDbJMfPDCK1U3sqAya7dbPGFCMmxA8Ba2-JM2KHva3PdX0_-SMUZ6LzoX3K_DmGyXbOY0X9zzAaiHqsE08rvmt_bc3BSKyBHE3Jgwrn3MdXUmKdA-zI/s1600/live+DC.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh50irPF2S0-McWeDwocS3FlGL-xQDbJMfPDCK1U3sqAya7dbPGFCMmxA8Ba2-JM2KHva3PdX0_-SMUZ6LzoX3K_DmGyXbOY0X9zzAaiHqsE08rvmt_bc3BSKyBHE3Jgwrn3MdXUmKdA-zI/s1600/live+DC.jpg" height="300" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The noon live shot from the White House with Darci Strickland. Image Credit: Mary Soto,WLTX.</span></td></tr>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">12:10 p.m.:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Down Time</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
second briefing was over and the live shot was done.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Time for a break.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Sharranda was down to less than 8% of battery
power left on her phone.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>All of the
other pieces of equipment had used considerable battery power, so it was time
to recharge.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We had about 40 minutes to
take care of the technical side of television.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>It also gave us a chance to push some items out on social media.</span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1 p.m.:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>NASA Comes Calling</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
White House had arranged to have Michael Freilich of NASA talk about some of
the programs at NASA aimed at studying the earth.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There were 17 programs underway by the end of
2013 and 5 more will be launched this year.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Satellites have been able to determine that sea level rise has
accelerated in the past couple of decades.</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgfscZuqLcdUCpXDf2rkMiKAuqubG_BjO7Q2y3_eqxU2_7kOT2EJbAGyNAQkXfbCVBh39I1HLd1woA1mMM3WzdBtNv5RuC51LWK5LQI7pR_DVF-0cOWpVo4Ki3IMbcO4_AtglTPfzzl9I6T/s1600/Michael+Freilich+DC.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgfscZuqLcdUCpXDf2rkMiKAuqubG_BjO7Q2y3_eqxU2_7kOT2EJbAGyNAQkXfbCVBh39I1HLd1woA1mMM3WzdBtNv5RuC51LWK5LQI7pR_DVF-0cOWpVo4Ki3IMbcO4_AtglTPfzzl9I6T/s1600/Michael+Freilich+DC.jpg" height="300" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">NASA's presentation by Michael Freilich. Image Credit: Sharranda Neal, WLTX.</span></td></tr>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1:40 p.m.:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Preparing for the
President</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">This
time was spent relaxing and preparing for the interview.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The White House provided a makeup artist to
help us look better for the interview.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Lord knows I needed it.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Turns out
that the makeup artist had family in the Columbia area.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>So many connections between here and
Washington.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Had a great time visiting
with her and talking about places in Columbia.</span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">2:30 p.m.:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Interviewing the
President</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Everyone
moved to the Palm Room to get ready for the interviews of the President.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ginger Zee of ABC was the first to go.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We would be escorted one at a time to be
introduced to the president and do the interview.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Each one of us would get 3 minutes of the
president’s time.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I was third in line to
talk to the president.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
president was running late (imagine that).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The first interview was about 20 to 25 minutes late getting started, but
once they got going things seem to move smoothly.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Then it was my turn to interview the
president.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I was escorted and introduced
to the president.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We exchanged
handshakes and the technicians made sure everything was a go.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Just
as I was about to start the sound technician said “Wait! Let’s let the plane go
by.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The White House is near Reagan
National Airport and a loud plane was taking off.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As we patiently waited to for the noise to go
away I looked at the president and said “Mr. President, can’t you shutdown
National for about 30 minutes?”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He could
tell I was joking so he thought a second and responded with “Probably, but I'm not going to try.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A little humor while we waited.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Soon
the noise was gone and I conducted the interview.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>NBC was the pool photographer for the
interviews and kudos to the crew.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They
did a great job!<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The interview was
actually one of the easier things I did that day.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>You can see my interview with the president
along with the transcript at: <a href="http://www.wltx.com/story/weather/forecast/climate/2014/05/06/jim-gandy-interviews-president-obama-about-climate-change/8782163/">http://www.wltx.com/story/weather/forecast/climate/2014/05/06/jim-gandy-interviews-president-obama-about-climate-change/8782163/</a>
.</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrL04NyeSLD7IXuBGBNHpHtehQz1FXk0nKtTqfXVmpVgqjq2psMcR_2VpsEXcmWUfj5VKvNu7AJ46RH70tlvJxHPR8sEl04vE71gCwz4EFAKAP-frfTlz2_9hbO4A6Eyq148a1XRcTU5D1/s1600/Official+WH+photo.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrL04NyeSLD7IXuBGBNHpHtehQz1FXk0nKtTqfXVmpVgqjq2psMcR_2VpsEXcmWUfj5VKvNu7AJ46RH70tlvJxHPR8sEl04vE71gCwz4EFAKAP-frfTlz2_9hbO4A6Eyq148a1XRcTU5D1/s1600/Official+WH+photo.jpg" height="286" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: black;">President Barack Obama conducts a “Weather from the White House”
interview with Jim Gandy, Columbia-CBS, to discuss the findings in the third
U.S. National Climate Assessment, in the Rose Garden of the White House, May 6,
2014. (Official White House Photo by Lawrence Jackson)</span></span></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">3:30 p.m.:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Stand ups for the
Newscasts</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sharranda
and I left to go shoot stand ups for each of the evening newscasts and the
morning show the following day.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Our
photographer from WUSA-TV, Danielle Gill, had arranged for the shots to be down
at the CBS location as we did for the live shot.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The CBS crew set everything up for us and
patiently helped us shoot our segments.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Our day was about done with all of the shows produced.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was time to pack up and go home.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">It
had been a busy, fun, and exhausting day.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>So much to do and prepare for.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In
less than 24 hours I had done 10 stand ups, 4 interviews, 1 live shot, and a
1-on-1 interview with the president.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In
addition, both Sharranda and I had been pushing things out on social media.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We frequently sent tweets using the hastag
JimInDC.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This was proposed by my wife,
Ann.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There had also been three briefings
to attend.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
White House staff had been most cooperative and helpful in many ways.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Most importantly we never got lost (an easy
thing to do).</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">3:50 p.m.:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Jim Has Left the
Building</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">It
was time to leave and head back to the hotel.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>I was beat as I walked to the exit gate.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>There was a satisfied feeling of accomplishment.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This was only possible because of my crew
(producer, Sharranda Neal & photographer, Danielle Gill) along with CBS and
NBC.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigbkrqXD7Ns7rVsp2fjTeCxIwUpbnhLOQaG5bPhAAGHFit3DDjlKm9t7J-yYLyTWbWivEwKCiORbDqqpGJmGP7YDOaKvCyHwuggbv6-9mqgl-q3ekqPO-MFsuZ07LQqxxG8ID-ZT0kIvWu/s1600/Jim+has+left+the+building+DC.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigbkrqXD7Ns7rVsp2fjTeCxIwUpbnhLOQaG5bPhAAGHFit3DDjlKm9t7J-yYLyTWbWivEwKCiORbDqqpGJmGP7YDOaKvCyHwuggbv6-9mqgl-q3ekqPO-MFsuZ07LQqxxG8ID-ZT0kIvWu/s1600/Jim+has+left+the+building+DC.jpg" height="400" width="300" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Jim Gandy leaving the White House. Image Credit: Sharranda Neal, WLTX.</span></td></tr>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">3:55 p.m.:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> PANIC !!!!!!!</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">It
suddenly dawned on me that we did not have the interview with us as Sharranda
and I walked to get a taxi.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>What?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Could all of this been for naught?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We had been told by the White House that the
pooled crew would give us the tapes of the interview with the president.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This did not happen.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">I
remembered seeing an email from the pooled crew and asked Sharranda if she had
seen anything.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I couldn’t get to my
email through my computer, but I had my iPad.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>This gave me access and we were about to get the number for NBC to get
the interview.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Turns out that the reason
that Sharranda did not get the email was because they had misspelled the email
address.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Everything
got worked out in about 40 minutes.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>NBC
fed the interview to CBS which in turn fed it to WLTX.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This was a huge weight off our shoulders and
disaster was avoided.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>All of the stand
ups and interviews made it back to WLTX and we headed to the hotel and then to
the airport.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">5:30 p.m.:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Reagan National
Airport</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">We
arrived at the airport in time to check-in, go through security, and grab
dinner.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We arrived at our departure gate
with almost an hour to spare.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was
only here that I was able to catch up on email and Twitter.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Here I began to appreciate all that had gone
on during my visit.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was awesome!</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikqAlwmJVt19AvBGhVcaPuKlB2taWpiU3lvfvX3OmvLvWRl1CuIXIe9fNUwtfuCyYPiMl6-lOerddT2wPaLGzhqykPsm1Fm292yjtuonwTg0flIlwx-saCfJRD_wkSDn2dbfInvnFGjCHg/s1600/Catching+up+in+DC.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikqAlwmJVt19AvBGhVcaPuKlB2taWpiU3lvfvX3OmvLvWRl1CuIXIe9fNUwtfuCyYPiMl6-lOerddT2wPaLGzhqykPsm1Fm292yjtuonwTg0flIlwx-saCfJRD_wkSDn2dbfInvnFGjCHg/s1600/Catching+up+in+DC.jpg" height="300" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Jim Gandy reflecting before boarding the flight to Columbia, SC. Image Credit: Sharranda Neal, WLTX.</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Finally
made it back to Columbia around 11:35 p.m. and in bed a couple of hours later.</span></div>
Jim Gandyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12600726319082481571noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5247087435042328870.post-3147678814736468542014-04-13T10:16:00.001-04:002014-04-13T10:16:52.654-04:00"Years of Living Dangerously"<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<br />
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Climate
change is a complex topic and even some of the experts have a difficult time
grasping all of the implications.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As the
climate changes so does the society and world in which we live.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The most recent findings of the Inter-governmental
Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) point out what the science knows and the risks
ahead.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Now
a documentary series tries to bring the knowledge of climate change to the ordinary
person.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It does this by telling the
stories of people affected by climate change.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>How does degrading the environment affect the world and the food you
eat?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>How does drought relate to climate
change?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>What are the risks involved in
our future?</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">These
are some of the questions addressed in a new Showtime series airing Sunday, April
13, 2014, at 10 p.m. called “Years of Living Dangerously”.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is a nine-part series that will address a
number of topics related to climate change.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
first episode is already available on the internet at the website <a href="http://www.yearsoflivingdangerously.com/">www.yearsoflivingdangerously.com</a>
.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If you do not get Showtime, you can
watch it here.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Below is a discussion on
the documentary and climate change from two of the participants in the program
on a recent Face The Nation on CBS:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/e5e-1AI34D8" width="560"></iframe></span></div>
<a name='more'></a><br /><br />
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">I
have seen the first episode and I think it does a very good job of weaving the
science into good storytelling.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Anyone
viewing this should be able to follow the discussion and I think it will change
your world view.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Tom Friedman of the New
York Times has discussed how climate change could affect the Middle East for
years, yet I was unaware of the extent the drought in Syria affected the
conflict there.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If you have not read his
book <u>Hot, Flat, and Crowded</u> published in 2008, maybe this series will
encourage you to do so.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Some
say climate science is a hoax or that it is a religion.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I hope you will listen to Katherine Hayhoe of
Texas Tech University.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She is an
evangelical Christian as well as a climate scientist and is married to an evangelical
minister.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She, along with two hundred
evangelical scientists, sent a letter to President Obama last year calling on
the administration to address climate change.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Science
is non-partisan and it not a religion, yet it has been used for partisan and
religious purposes in the past.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Scientists have been charting the effects of our civilization on the
environment for decades and the picture is clear.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When you look at the sum of research devoted
to climate change the conclusion is clear that it is happening now and we are
the primary cause.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">I
hope you get a chance to view this important series.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Then I hope you will join me Monday, April 21<sup>st</sup>,
at 7 p.m. as I present “Climate Change and South Carolina” at the West Quad
building on the campus of the University of South Carolina.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The presentation will draw on much of the
information I have already presented on my program Climate Matters.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is a look at how climate change may affect
us in South Carolina and covers topics you may not see in the Showtime series.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The program is part of a meeting with the Sierra
Club of South Carolina.</span></div>
Jim Gandyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12600726319082481571noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5247087435042328870.post-34006916861247414642014-04-09T21:45:00.002-04:002014-04-09T21:45:57.228-04:00Time to Plant<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<![endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">I
have been advising gardeners to delay planting tender plants this year due to a
weather pattern that has been in place since late October, 2013.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The pattern made it more likely for a late
freeze.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Normally the last freeze would
occur in the Midlands by late March.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Most would simply wait until Easter, but Easter is quite late this
year.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The latest freeze was on March 27<sup>th</sup>
and it was a hard freeze with a low of 28° F.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>It was very close to freezing on March 31<sup>st</sup> with a low of 33°
F, but there was frost that morning.</span>
<br />
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Another
cold, dry air mass is making its way south and computer models have been
suggesting that a frost or freeze might occur on Thursday, April 10<sup>th</sup>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>High pressure will settle over the area with
clear skies, light winds, and dry air for Thursday morning.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The forecast for Columbia is for a low near
40° F that morning, but outlying areas may drop into the mid 30s.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This would be enough for a light frost in
low-lying protected areas due to radiational cooling at night.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">This
will likely be the last chance of a frost or freeze.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If it does not happen then the previous dates
will be the last freeze or frost.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The
chance of a frost or freeze on April 10<sup>th</sup> was strong enough to
advise gardeners to wait.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The seven-day
forecast reveals that it will be time to plant this weekend.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiL1Xmvf6lvKhanWh4IKAeUDMHRTRabMWCHTPaZ1t1Q1BoYk2HUVF15daXHK3_YGiPORTVjGggiSQZyjJvVA0rTq9L8y7XwNG7qPrCr0D0U8XJoKQcRI8pOCbsjftkCMwAS-wYSjES_y7Pj/s1600/7+Day+Fcst+040914.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiL1Xmvf6lvKhanWh4IKAeUDMHRTRabMWCHTPaZ1t1Q1BoYk2HUVF15daXHK3_YGiPORTVjGggiSQZyjJvVA0rTq9L8y7XwNG7qPrCr0D0U8XJoKQcRI8pOCbsjftkCMwAS-wYSjES_y7Pj/s1600/7+Day+Fcst+040914.JPG" height="222" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The 7-day forecast made Wednesday, April 9, 2014 for Columbia, SC. Click on the image for a larger view. Image Credit: WLTX-TV.</span><a name='more'></a></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">A
warming trend will begin after the chilly start Thursday morning and will last
through the weekend.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It will be getting
a little warmer each day and temperatures will be warmer than normal by
Friday.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This provides an excellent time
to plant this weekend.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The cold weather
will be behind us and rain will be likely for the first of next week.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It doesn’t get much better than this.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Minimum
soil temperatures at a 4-inch depth are in the upper 50s.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There has been adequate rain since December
and there are no areas of drought in South Carolina.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Why should you plant a
garden?</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Not
everyone can, but I have been advising people who can that it would be a good
idea.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Drought will impact some of the
major vegetable growing areas for the third consecutive year.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This year the greatest impact will be in
California.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjKn4DWOOFTI33JX1yplMW7YZWpCaYQ4GWnXWjvSq3Et-X6Sv_WV2pRcx66U7M_5GrFGlugkfSBYmGnXRBcQ1JLfZzM4BCZZeF5EbXTdxR4c0PYTlkKWi6qoRLsdWTBLdwJ1PNvoYkMIvD/s1600/drought+affects+CA.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjKn4DWOOFTI33JX1yplMW7YZWpCaYQ4GWnXWjvSq3Et-X6Sv_WV2pRcx66U7M_5GrFGlugkfSBYmGnXRBcQ1JLfZzM4BCZZeF5EbXTdxR4c0PYTlkKWi6qoRLsdWTBLdwJ1PNvoYkMIvD/s1600/drought+affects+CA.png" height="640" width="410" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">What comes from California? Click on the image for a larger view. Image Credit: Wikimedia Commons.</span></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</span></div>
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjKn4DWOOFTI33JX1yplMW7YZWpCaYQ4GWnXWjvSq3Et-X6Sv_WV2pRcx66U7M_5GrFGlugkfSBYmGnXRBcQ1JLfZzM4BCZZeF5EbXTdxR4c0PYTlkKWi6qoRLsdWTBLdwJ1PNvoYkMIvD/s1600/drought+affects+CA.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"></a><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">As
you can see from the graphic above a good portion of our fruits, vegetables,
and nuts come from California.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It
amounts to about half of the fruits and vegetables in the country.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The current drought will greatly reduce the
acreage planted.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This means that fruits
and vegetables will be more expensive this year at the grocery store.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">There
are advantages to growing your own vegetables.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>You control when they are picked and how much, if any, pesticides you
use.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They will taste better from the
garden than from the grocery store.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">I
advise growing only those vegetables you commonly eat.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Any occasional or exotic vegetables can be
bought at the store.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Don’t be afraid to
experiment with vegetable dishes.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Most
of all try to make it fun.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>You’ll eat
better and may just learn a thing or two.</span></div>
Jim Gandyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12600726319082481571noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5247087435042328870.post-87121620702663613412014-03-13T21:48:00.001-04:002014-03-13T21:48:34.279-04:00A Normal Winter?<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<br />
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) released its analysis of the past winter
today and the assessment for South Carolina? Near normal. The statewide average
turned out to be the 66<sup>th</sup> coldest and 65<sup>th</sup> wettest winter
on record.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The ranking was based on 120
years of data.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyF0MOS-CbdsqS8spAJ_KZ-09EosXESEaLglq-ya7FRQJCenYcUJSZeHNMM3OjBnkgBS_vP9LpmPkD1cEcSlM6Yf2OAbEy3gw-Eq4_-ezs6FjEyVsan9Da9pbm0uBzvpd_E9pG_r3-3qZP/s1600/Winter+2013-14+Statewide+T+rank.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyF0MOS-CbdsqS8spAJ_KZ-09EosXESEaLglq-ya7FRQJCenYcUJSZeHNMM3OjBnkgBS_vP9LpmPkD1cEcSlM6Yf2OAbEy3gw-Eq4_-ezs6FjEyVsan9Da9pbm0uBzvpd_E9pG_r3-3qZP/s1600/Winter+2013-14+Statewide+T+rank.png" height="212" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEha0f9kyD3cMPqi4NysFxrNprSStePa6-gHV2wWzfVFihtx56S32uuE1JKcWSjMWYA6OHShvDstZMPS6kL62lPqHHxJGXkYQyCXXPKYMHJAsvg1osIGjuc-7nVo9yqpXUSoXDHDrv5Vyiuh/s1600/Winter+2013-14+Statewide+P+rank.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEha0f9kyD3cMPqi4NysFxrNprSStePa6-gHV2wWzfVFihtx56S32uuE1JKcWSjMWYA6OHShvDstZMPS6kL62lPqHHxJGXkYQyCXXPKYMHJAsvg1osIGjuc-7nVo9yqpXUSoXDHDrv5Vyiuh/s1600/Winter+2013-14+Statewide+P+rank.png" height="212" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The statewide rank of temperatures (top) and precipitation (bottom) based on 120 years of records (since 1895). A rank of 1 for temperature would be the coldest while for precipitation it would be the driest. Click on the image for a larger view. Image credit: NOAA/NCDC.</span><a name='more'></a></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Don’t
let the averages fool you.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This was
anything but a normal winter.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The
average does not do justice to the character of the winter we just experienced.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The weather pattern for much of this area has
been one of one extreme to another and this has been the pattern since late
October.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEie1E1bbEdV8Zx72RWJjCyRDAywkcXPP8WpZkQsGH5C_kq62qzfNCqP-k3Ie3FHVbdd8gE3NY1dy_sL8Vh2M8YiFeZHKy9TJS72sWpiJVpa20FXH3Z_Dy__Ru9OrTTm6vg3KCDUzP1vK8IQ/s1600/Winter+2013-14+SC+T+anomaly+monthly.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEie1E1bbEdV8Zx72RWJjCyRDAywkcXPP8WpZkQsGH5C_kq62qzfNCqP-k3Ie3FHVbdd8gE3NY1dy_sL8Vh2M8YiFeZHKy9TJS72sWpiJVpa20FXH3Z_Dy__Ru9OrTTm6vg3KCDUzP1vK8IQ/s1600/Winter+2013-14+SC+T+anomaly+monthly.png" height="156" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The monthly temperature anomalies for December 2013, January 2014, & February 2014. The anomalies use the 20th century average for the base figure. Winter averaged near normal, but the were significant month to month differences. Click on the image for a larger view. Image credit: NOAA/NCDC.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">We
also had the worst winter storm in at least a decade with more damage to the
forest than since Hurricane Hugo in 1989.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The storm produced twice the number of power outages than occurred with
the 2004 winter storm.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">This
was the 34<sup>th</sup> coldest winter on record for the U.S. in the past 120
years.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Here again there were significant
differences.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was the coldest winter
in recent memory for parts of the Midwest, but the warmest winter on record for
California.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There were significant snowstorms,
but it was the driest winter on record for southern California.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhHZrPRAaSYtGgf0F6EFfZT_HNunWehveZhNgKRuntbxN7C2nl1xogVfKzsoU5r5QnISKRS_JneXpQqL7fzK1TgRULLGgP3rIYB4BMFNanA1phnyxFYQRA8SOdXo3kKU3q-37WE0w_LHnJg/s1600/Winter+2013-14+US+divisional+T+rank.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhHZrPRAaSYtGgf0F6EFfZT_HNunWehveZhNgKRuntbxN7C2nl1xogVfKzsoU5r5QnISKRS_JneXpQqL7fzK1TgRULLGgP3rIYB4BMFNanA1phnyxFYQRA8SOdXo3kKU3q-37WE0w_LHnJg/s1600/Winter+2013-14+US+divisional+T+rank.JPG" height="270" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgC4RVirDnmRcowXsP8XVnYPxW3lRE66H_B6doRJKna8DXgBEogP-AT1l-hdzAQCIjDuWNkYE1rO3UIe_5dJ9CTHLObdl0NS4HP0zA_XlEsTjJIwJta8Hps5-LTDx2qIGJXSZq5vXiGmPvN/s1600/Winter+2013-14+US+divisional+P+rank.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgC4RVirDnmRcowXsP8XVnYPxW3lRE66H_B6doRJKna8DXgBEogP-AT1l-hdzAQCIjDuWNkYE1rO3UIe_5dJ9CTHLObdl0NS4HP0zA_XlEsTjJIwJta8Hps5-LTDx2qIGJXSZq5vXiGmPvN/s1600/Winter+2013-14+US+divisional+P+rank.JPG" height="262" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The divisional rankings for the winter of 2013-2014. The key in the first group of maps applies to these. A rank of 1 for temperature would be the coldest while for precipitation it would be the driest. Click on the image for a larger view. Image credit: NOAA/NCDC.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
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<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">It
is significant that it turned out to be the coldest winter since 1979 for the
Upper Midwest.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This led to greater ice
cover on the Great Lakes.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to
the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Great Lakes
Environmental Research Laboratory (GLERL), ice cover on North America’s Great
Lakes peaked at 88.42% on Feb. 12-13 – a percentage not recorded since 1994.
The ice extent has surpassed 80% just five times in four decades. The average
maximum ice extent since 1973 is just over 50%.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7YzVW7sVaRfaPBUlwJKK3ZMBmmKyLAvGOEoFd5mJi0l7tGqZeFGfOKPR9vKc-cKcvAfGqi2n4DPmecDkyJxA3adWMwJgS6c9pRUK1yOBdMeB2EKtKu3Bw-0DQQuYWMGgJrIGMmwwlTlI-/s1600/Winter+2013-14+avg+T+for+Midwest.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7YzVW7sVaRfaPBUlwJKK3ZMBmmKyLAvGOEoFd5mJi0l7tGqZeFGfOKPR9vKc-cKcvAfGqi2n4DPmecDkyJxA3adWMwJgS6c9pRUK1yOBdMeB2EKtKu3Bw-0DQQuYWMGgJrIGMmwwlTlI-/s1600/Winter+2013-14+avg+T+for+Midwest.JPG" height="290" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">A time series for average winter temperatures in the Upper Midwest 1895-2013. Click on the image for a larger view. Image Credit: NOAA/NCDC.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgO8agJobYn6v1ZQLUOpC99KgGOjq1HILJtCq4rF59O8YuXnmonSqaW3Kzu9VyZ4uJB8VCwePtL-6VSQrqqLxp4m69YONK4_i43i_-XjSHYcRZuhMer_f6avSgkaa18BxEiWs7aCA9Jipcr/s1600/Great+Lakes+Ice+Cover+021914.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgO8agJobYn6v1ZQLUOpC99KgGOjq1HILJtCq4rF59O8YuXnmonSqaW3Kzu9VyZ4uJB8VCwePtL-6VSQrqqLxp4m69YONK4_i43i_-XjSHYcRZuhMer_f6avSgkaa18BxEiWs7aCA9Jipcr/s1600/Great+Lakes+Ice+Cover+021914.png" height="300" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">This false-color image uses a combination of shortwave infrared, near
infrared and red (MODIS bands 7,2,1) to help distinguish ice from snow,
water and clouds. Open, unfrozen water appears inky blue-black. Ice is
pale blue, with thicker ice appearing brighter and thin, melting ice
appearing a darker true-blue. Snow appears blue-green. Clouds are white
to blue-green, with the colder or icy clouds appearing blue-green to
blue. The image was captured on February 19, 2014. Click on the image for a larger view. Image Credit: NASA.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span></span><br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">So,
what can we say about this past winter?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Goodbye and good riddance.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It
will take some time for the Upper Midwest to thaw.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The rainy season, what little there was,<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_GoBack"></a> is coming to an end for California and it will be a hot,
dry summer.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">For
South Carolina there is the prospect for a late freeze due to the current
weather pattern.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It would be prudent to
wait until mid-April before planting any tender plants.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>However, the outlook calls for a quick
warm-up during the spring and a hot summer ahead.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Winter may be a fading memory soon.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>People will be asking “when is it going to
cool off?” once we get to the heat of summer.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
Jim Gandyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12600726319082481571noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5247087435042328870.post-44568352491402075782014-03-02T22:14:00.000-05:002014-03-02T22:14:12.738-05:00Coming in the Back Door<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">This
winter has been a wild one for temperatures in South Carolina.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There have been big swings from hot to cold
and back again.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Now that meteorological
spring has begun (March 1<sup>st</sup>) the pattern continues.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">A
dramatic change to our weather is about to take place.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Cold arctic air is already in place across
much of the central U.S.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Normally a cold
front moving in from the west would bring the cold air to our state.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>However, occasionally it comes in through the
“back door”.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">High
pressure builds east and the cold air slides down the eastern seaboard faster
than it can come in from the west.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It
becomes trapped between the ocean to the east and the Appalachians to the west.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The cold front that surges south is known as
a “back door” cold front.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Typically
a wedge of cold air stays in place until something comes along to move the cold
air out, which is a very difficult thing to do.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The result can be days of overcast skies and chilly northeast winds.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">This
time the back door cold front will be accompanied by a dramatic temperature
drop.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When the front passes the
temperatures will likely drop 20-25° F in an hour or two.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The front will be preceded by a band of rain
which will begin the temperature drop.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Winds will shift from a westerly direction to a northerly direction as
the front passes.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The winds will
increase and there will be a wind chill to worry about in the late afternoon.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyXLI6KwUqHy0obzKQDfC56pNmsD1uHVLP5POoW-A0DTB6_pP6o4xsmgzQqvsunwW-8vXAf9a9fimUdlC8azIbdGLBpDhHO9CUQJE3TnJyZNheeUYxTmEfqKvzgDSC2yWPhJ1bOagkgQLU/s1600/RPM+Fcst+21z+4+km+for+130+030314.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyXLI6KwUqHy0obzKQDfC56pNmsD1uHVLP5POoW-A0DTB6_pP6o4xsmgzQqvsunwW-8vXAf9a9fimUdlC8azIbdGLBpDhHO9CUQJE3TnJyZNheeUYxTmEfqKvzgDSC2yWPhJ1bOagkgQLU/s1600/RPM+Fcst+21z+4+km+for+130+030314.jpg" height="221" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The RPM model forecast for 1:30 p.m. EST on Monday, March 3, 2014. This is from the 21z run of the model using the 12 km grid. Click on the image for a larger version. Image Credit: WLTX-TV\WSI.</span><a name='more'></a></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
Regional Precision Model (RPM), that we use, captures the dramatic change in
temperature.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the panels below it
starts at 1:30 p.m. and ends at 3 p.m.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Notice the sharp drop in temperature in Columbia, SC.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is a change of 21° F in 90 minutes.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Furthermore, by 7 p.m. the model projects a
temperature of 32° F with a wind chill temperature of 21° F.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>High temperatures will likely occur in the
late morning or early afternoon in the mid to upper 60s.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJSZ_VYXgVmuanDPBG5brjWddH7DRtXeQoiIjqzPZO5RezybjCBRnGuzPWJXZShJK06rfCVMcaSO_NqtZZ6jbQbwyDeqoGkaAZWLLAY2j0ycsfCgHKsjYJaLDtiPCbJQvQf_1vppxbTKVT/s1600/RPM+T+Fcst+030314.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJSZ_VYXgVmuanDPBG5brjWddH7DRtXeQoiIjqzPZO5RezybjCBRnGuzPWJXZShJK06rfCVMcaSO_NqtZZ6jbQbwyDeqoGkaAZWLLAY2j0ycsfCgHKsjYJaLDtiPCbJQvQf_1vppxbTKVT/s1600/RPM+T+Fcst+030314.jpg" height="300" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The RPM temperature forecast for Monday afternoon March 3. 2014. You can tell where the front is from the contour color of temperatures. Note the precipitous drop in temperatures as the front passes. Click on the image for a larger version. Image Credit: WLTX-TV\WSI.</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Don’t
get too “hung up” on the time.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The model
could be off by an hour either way.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The
important thing to take from this is the large temperature drop.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is highly advisable to take a warm coat
when you leave in the morning for work or school, because it will be
dramatically colder when you come home.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Temperatures
will likely be near or below freezing by early evening.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There could be some light freezing rain or
freezing drizzle as the clouds will remain overnight Monday.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It will not be enough to cause any travel
problems and there will be little accumulation.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">This
weather event is more of a temperature event than a precipitation one.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>So there will be no snow or ice storm for
this part of the country.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>However, the
change of temperature can be a problem.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The high temperature in Columbia, SC on Sunday was 76° F, but the
temperature just 24 hours later will be in the mid-30s.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Fortunately the warm spell was brief and
plants have not begun to flower.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The
pollen season has begun, but the growing season has not.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">It
is not often that we see back door cold fronts with temperature gradients of
this strength.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When we do they tend to
be in late winter or early spring.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This
latest one may have the strongest temperature gradient in recent memory.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In addition, temperatures will drop into the
mid to upper 20s Tuesday morning with wind chill temperatures in the upper
teens.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">This
may not be winter’s last gasp.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I have
been advising everyone to delay planting this year.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Don’t be in a hurry.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The weather pattern we have been seeing since
late October suggests the possibility of a late freeze.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This could happen in the first half of April.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Until then we are likely to continue to see
wild swings in temperature.</span></div>
Jim Gandyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12600726319082481571noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5247087435042328870.post-49152161970272872792014-02-26T21:41:00.001-05:002014-02-26T21:41:59.821-05:00For Entertainment Purposes Only<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<br />
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">For
almost a week there has been a persistent rumor that another snowstorm is on
the way.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I traced this back to radio
spreading the rumor that Farmers’ Almanac had predicted the past two snowstorms
and was predicting a third.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I was
frequently asked if there was another snowstorm on the way, for which I
answered no.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The response was almost
always “Well, Farmers’ Almanac is predicting another snowstorm and it predicted
the last two.” What?</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">So
I investigated this claim.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>First let me
point out that there is a Farmers’ Almanac (dating back to 1818) and an Old
Farmer’s Almanac (dating back to 1792).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>It was Old Farmer’s Almanac that was predicting snow.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Second the forecasts are so vague as to be of
little value.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Neither ever forecasted
sleet or freezing rain and thus the ice that was so devastating.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Yet
there were a few that were adamant that Old Farmer’s Almanac got it right.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If that is the case, then why ever watch the
media.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Let’s explore the claim.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">I
do not have the forecast breakdown for January, but I did get it for
February.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>For the period of February
7-14, the forecast is for “periods rain and snow, then sunny, cold”.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was during this period that the snowstorm
occurred (11-13).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>But, wait!<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The forecast is for the entire region from
south Georgia to southeast Virginia.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It
also includes the Piedmont as well as coastal areas.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Does
this forecast apply equally to all locations?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Are we to apply this with rain in the south and snow in the north?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If so, where is the rain/snow line?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Where is there any mention of ice?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Where does it even say snowstorm?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Merriam-Webster Dictionary defines snowstorm
as a disturbance of the atmosphere marked by a heavy amount of precipitation in
the form of small white ice crystals.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In
their forecast how much snow will fall?</span></div>
<a name='more'></a><br />
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Yes,
but Jim, there was a snowstorm moving through the region at that time.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ok, let’s look at the climatology of snow in
Columbia, SC.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On average we get a snow
once every two years.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The highest
probability of snow comes in February.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I
get this all the time; it’s January and we haven’t seen any snow.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>People are disappointed until I tell them
that February is our snowiest month.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Furthermore
there is a higher probability of snow in North Carolina and southeast Virginia
during this time.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Plus, you have given
yourself a week for this to happen.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The
odds are greatly in your favor for something to happen somewhere in the
region.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The odds favor periods of rain
and snow in this region at this time.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>However, the forecast is of little value because it does not say where
in the region, it just says somewhere in the region.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This is not “calling for a snowstorm”.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Let’s
look at the forecast for Feb. 21-26 that got everyone excited.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It calls for “rain to snow, then sunny,
cold”.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is this that people
interpreted as saying that a third snowstorm was going to occur.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>For the record, it did not happen.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Furthermore, the forecast for Feb. 27-28 is “Rainy,
cool”.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It will be cool, but it will also
be bone dry for South Carolina.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">To
be fair Farmers’ Almanac was not calling for any snow during the Feb. 21 to 28
timeframe, just some rain.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Both
publications claim to have an accuracy of 80-85%.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>However, they provide no evidence to support
this claim.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>How is the claim
derived?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Is it for the U.S. as a whole
or does it apply to a certain region?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Do
all regions have the same accuracy?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Why
do the forecasts for each almanac differ?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>I find it very hard to believe that the accuracy in December, the
farthest month out, is as accurate as the preceding January, a near month from
when the forecast is issued.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Years
ago an independent verification was done on the almanacs.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The best that could be determined was that
their forecast of departure from normal was right about 50% of the time.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Otherwise, you were better off flipping a
coin.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is amazing to see the almanacs
make their claim of accurate forecasts, even pointing out specific cases.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>However, they never note their misses.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Look
at the chart at the bottom of the page for Old Farmer’s Almanac<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_GoBack"></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This is the forecast for departure from normal
for each month.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If you look at Columbia
which is in the middle of the region for Old Farmer’s Almanac these are the
results for the past four months:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: 27.9pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-insideh: 1.0pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: 1.0pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
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<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 131.7pt;" valign="top" width="263">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Month</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="319">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Old Farmer’s
Almanac</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 131.7pt;" valign="top" width="263">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Actual</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 131.7pt;" valign="top" width="263">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">November</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="319">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Cold, Wet</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 131.7pt;" valign="top" width="263">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Cold, Dry</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 131.7pt;" valign="top" width="263">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">December</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="319">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Cold, Dry</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 131.7pt;" valign="top" width="263">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Warm, Wet</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 131.7pt;" valign="top" width="263">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">January</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="319">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Warm, Dry</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 131.7pt;" valign="top" width="263">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Cold, Dry</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 4; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 131.7pt;" valign="top" width="263">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">February*</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 159.6pt;" valign="top" width="319">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Cold, Average</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 131.7pt;" valign="top" width="263">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Warm, Dry</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The information for
February is through the 26<sup>th</sup>, but will not change even with just two
days left.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Neither
almanac forecast the unseasonably warm weather last week leading to a record
high temperature on Thursday of 84° F.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The average temperature last week was 6.4° F above normal.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The Bottom Line</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
forecast for both almanacs are so vague that the forecasts are of little value.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Their claims of accuracy have never been
substantiated independently.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">That
is not to say that there isn’t useful information in the almanacs.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There is, it’s just that the weather forecasts
are not one of them.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
forecasts should be used for entertainment purposes only.</span></div>
Jim Gandyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12600726319082481571noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5247087435042328870.post-67006846991892598282014-02-22T23:18:00.000-05:002014-02-22T23:40:12.665-05:00Remembering #WinterMess 2<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<br />
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Little
did we know that the winter storm at the end of January would be the prelude to
a bigger storm two weeks later (February 11-13).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A complex storm system came through South
Carolina in two waves.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The first
occurred on Tuesday with snow over the northern Midlands and rain/sleet
elsewhere.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This was followed by the main
batch of precipitation on Wednesday ending Thursday morning.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Most
of the snow occurred over the northern half of the Midlands.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was mainly sleet with some snow in
Columbia, but the precipitation became more snow farther north.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The northern most counties of the Midlands
saw a considerable snowfall.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgonPayfCwi2h-NmToZtwu8Kc54SvKJR429Kd4IcrEKn52lCyZI5tR9cKlHq872EBP6Zvn8ZrYmqIkG17WhN8DfoBtELO1VAfNKZgk70u8QZ7ZiH_cmqM3G9HWboxxCm2S5SUZuC_949Fc3/s1600/Snow+totals+as+of+021314.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgonPayfCwi2h-NmToZtwu8Kc54SvKJR429Kd4IcrEKn52lCyZI5tR9cKlHq872EBP6Zvn8ZrYmqIkG17WhN8DfoBtELO1VAfNKZgk70u8QZ7ZiH_cmqM3G9HWboxxCm2S5SUZuC_949Fc3/s1600/Snow+totals+as+of+021314.JPG" height="223" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Total snowfall as of 7 a.m. Thursday, February 13, 2014. This is based on observations from the National Weather Service Forecast Office in Columbia, SC. Image Credit: WLTX-TV.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">South
of Columbia it will a sleet/freezing rain mix.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The farther south you went the more freezing rain occurred.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The southern Midlands saw the greatest
accumulation of ice as shown on the map below.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQE3WZmZLMcAWZiJlmP7Q96CYSRk3GwmSEacilLX2GjyVTyr6pIbb44Xy5AVnrFFLVPt8GRXr5hbzMRs7BNkDP4H7uSqa74zUkw-ydaIAYUPRM-1ZegQ7VIq7hcYmxzyy049pzDS5woTdH/s1600/Ice+totals+as+of+021314.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQE3WZmZLMcAWZiJlmP7Q96CYSRk3GwmSEacilLX2GjyVTyr6pIbb44Xy5AVnrFFLVPt8GRXr5hbzMRs7BNkDP4H7uSqa74zUkw-ydaIAYUPRM-1ZegQ7VIq7hcYmxzyy049pzDS5woTdH/s1600/Ice+totals+as+of+021314.JPG" height="225" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Total ice accumulation as of 7 a.m. Thursday, February 13, 2014. This is based on
observations from the National Weather Service Forecast Office in
Columbia, SC. Image Credit: WLTX-TV.</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"></span></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
Midlands ended up on the dividing line between snow and ice.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The northern half saw a snowstorm while for
the southern half saw an ice storm.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Travel
became difficult if not impossible through some sections.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The worst of the storm occurred over the
southern Midlands with the accumulation of ice.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>An estimated 350,000 people lost power at the end of the storm.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Some were without power for over a week.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Schools remained closed for Wednesday through
Friday with some of the northern counties closing schools on Tuesday.</span><br />
<a name='more'></a></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">As
if this were not enough an earthquake struck Friday evening, February 14, near
Edgefield, SC.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The earthquake was a
magnitude 4.1 and struck at 10:23:38 lasting about 10 seconds.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was felt all over the Carolinas and
Georgia, however no significant damage was reported.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A magnitude 3.2 aftershock occurred two days
later.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">How did the forecast
perform?</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">I
mentioned in the previous posts that this was an exceedingly difficult forecast
for both timing and amounts.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>However,
the forecast did surprisingly well.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>There was a band of snow that moved across the northern half of the
Midlands on Tuesday followed by a wintry mix on Wednesday.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1kq7U5D7x3gdf6Jl7Jylup0gqm7eSXCdeHDAFQ59nx_zAedF3wpEtlAuOv8ooDGSDu90r-4EBM9i4fcw6Ku-TuP_1ir8wayhMjVKgTL05qXQglVi82dg-P6LekToOq0D_7E5opJmwfYzj/s1600/WM2+Snow+fcst+for+7+am+WED+made+020914.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1kq7U5D7x3gdf6Jl7Jylup0gqm7eSXCdeHDAFQ59nx_zAedF3wpEtlAuOv8ooDGSDu90r-4EBM9i4fcw6Ku-TuP_1ir8wayhMjVKgTL05qXQglVi82dg-P6LekToOq0D_7E5opJmwfYzj/s1600/WM2+Snow+fcst+for+7+am+WED+made+020914.JPG" height="225" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Forecast for snow as of 7 a.m. Wednesday, February 12, 2014. This was for the first surge of moisture moving through the Midlands on Tuesday. Image Credit: WLTX-TV.</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"></span></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">A
wedge of cold air covered much of South Carolina on Wednesday as temperatures
barely made it to freezing.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The overrunning
of moisture created a band of snow across the northern Midlands and
sleet/freezing rain over the southern Midlands.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Columbia received a little of everything.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The forecast for ice was quite good in both
areal extent and amount.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There were
forecasts in the media of ice up to 2 inches, but I could not find examples of
this in the historical record so I did not think this likely.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The most recent example of ice accumulation
was with the winter storm in 2004 and the ice buildup was a quarter to a half
inch.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpRE8CbNkUc9TEefY2oD48pLp9fxRAgu7Tcdx_lPbyxd4mUQr74bZtTP7ROfXopoxbQ4H1fx4pkxm5YuRBhoXfljMebdij1L1Jp0QWRx34n5tXWLC6RrMlBxxOVPsl3jC3PAH_JbhIvVbF/s1600/WM2+Ice+fcst+for+7+pm+WED+made+021014.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpRE8CbNkUc9TEefY2oD48pLp9fxRAgu7Tcdx_lPbyxd4mUQr74bZtTP7ROfXopoxbQ4H1fx4pkxm5YuRBhoXfljMebdij1L1Jp0QWRx34n5tXWLC6RrMlBxxOVPsl3jC3PAH_JbhIvVbF/s1600/WM2+Ice+fcst+for+7+pm+WED+made+021014.JPG" height="223" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Forecast for ice accumulation as of 7 p.m. Wednesday, February 12, 2014. This was for the second surge of moisture moving through the Midlands on Wednesday & Thursday morning. Image Credit: WLTX-TV.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">There
was little additional ice accumulation Wednesday night into Thursday morning,
but there was another burst of snow before it all ended Thursday morning.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This led to another snow forecast made on
Tuesday to add in the additional snow that would fall on Wednesday and Thursday
morning.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwFiCBm8NU0WZmi6tD_ryP0Oi1B3YWJ2wZzSU9hA3ekcfsCqObnelgyS8kL2cNurzJgdwOEDHBoIdvxNwjwzKAoXgYiJwc3nbg2eKvupKkyx2FJnBUf63Rl0EFyOxaT-6pPUmM03MYmejb/s1600/WM2+Snow+fcst+for+7+am+THU+made+021114.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwFiCBm8NU0WZmi6tD_ryP0Oi1B3YWJ2wZzSU9hA3ekcfsCqObnelgyS8kL2cNurzJgdwOEDHBoIdvxNwjwzKAoXgYiJwc3nbg2eKvupKkyx2FJnBUf63Rl0EFyOxaT-6pPUmM03MYmejb/s1600/WM2+Snow+fcst+for+7+am+THU+made+021114.jpg" height="223" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Forecast for snow accumulation as of 7 a.m. Thursday, February 13, 2014. This was for the second surge of moisture moving through the Midlands on Wednesday & Thursday morning. Image Credit: WLTX-TV.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">These
forecasts were aided by the superior performance of the GFS model run by the
National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Details were filled in by our RPM model run
by WSI.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This is the second winter storm
to hit South Carolina this winter and the GFS has been the superior model.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">How does this winter
storm compare with the recent past?</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
most recent example of a winter storm that compares with this storm was the one
that moved through the region January 24-26, 2004.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The scenario for this storm was a little
different and can be read <a href="https://www.dnr.sc.gov/climate/sco/Publications/winter_Jan24_26_2004.php" target="_blank">here</a></span><a href="https://www.dnr.sc.gov/climate/sco/Publications/winter_Jan24_26_2004.php"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></a><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This storm resulted in power outages to about
175,000 customers and some were without power for almost a week.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiN62xSbD1oFoelSsdSbnRVTg6O5XrGx6sugYjARbqTEDjuzroI-oj9TvJl-9e3ocu4wmGdVrcoAeBPkz4GBirrATm_Jhyphenhyphenuqy01Vpj5-sCRs-TK5D_cNtMZiHwaMC-Jv8W-K3g-HZuVEy5b/s1600/jan24_26ice_storm2004.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiN62xSbD1oFoelSsdSbnRVTg6O5XrGx6sugYjARbqTEDjuzroI-oj9TvJl-9e3ocu4wmGdVrcoAeBPkz4GBirrATm_Jhyphenhyphenuqy01Vpj5-sCRs-TK5D_cNtMZiHwaMC-Jv8W-K3g-HZuVEy5b/s1600/jan24_26ice_storm2004.jpg" height="640" width="550" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Accumulation of snow and ice from the winter storm in 2004. The purple areas are for ice while the gray and blue areas refer to snow. Image Credit: South Carolina Climatology Office.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span><br /></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrDznd7XNn1N-qiP0XCzCY-VccJQ00sRi8W0MfFiLoecQZtUNFo_gOTfKPRV1lmmoDnazqUBF4BKBiqJxJUckiLJpwVx3VUpUp2BNnDZ6XeMEa-IcD-dXQ7KEVs_mEQ3Bt1beBGn8BpBno/s1600/jan24_26ilm_icestorm2004.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrDznd7XNn1N-qiP0XCzCY-VccJQ00sRi8W0MfFiLoecQZtUNFo_gOTfKPRV1lmmoDnazqUBF4BKBiqJxJUckiLJpwVx3VUpUp2BNnDZ6XeMEa-IcD-dXQ7KEVs_mEQ3Bt1beBGn8BpBno/s1600/jan24_26ilm_icestorm2004.jpg" height="391" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Accumulation of ice from the winter storm in
2004. Image Credit: NOAA/NWS.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
winter storm this year was worse than the one in 2004.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Both the snow and ice accumulations were
higher with up to 10 inches of snow in the northern Midlands and ice up the 1 ¼
inches thick in the southern Midlands.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>All areas in between had varying amounts of both.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The number of customers without power was
about twice that of the 2004 storm.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A
few rural areas were still without power more than a week after the storm.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">One
common element in both storms was the difficulty in forecasting the various
forms of the precipitation.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Model
computer technology and some skillful forecasting produced a better forecast
this time.</span></div>
Jim Gandyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12600726319082481571noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5247087435042328870.post-61206409493732826722014-02-18T00:13:00.001-05:002014-02-18T00:14:49.417-05:00The #BigMelt<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">There
is finally some relief after a week of snow and ice followed by an
earthquake.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was quite cold this past
week following the 12<sup>th</sup> coldest January on record for Columbia.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was the 11<sup>th</sup> coldest for South
Carolina as a whole in January.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The
weather warmed after the first winter storm at the end of January.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Little did we know that it was a warm-up act
for the next winter storm.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Most
of the snow and ice melted as the sun returned on Friday and a warming trend
began.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A cold shot of air on Saturday
only slowed the melt, but the warming trend continued on Sunday.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This week will be noticeably warmer this
week.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In fact, temperatures will be in
the mid to upper 70s by Thursday.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEji9jcOrel1X1PPfBj4V90a9N1xEQ7HSBGM9RVJD8jDEWhWGOu7GHdzuP4zfRqpqJHdtvfQsMXzezUdLfWTy5u2pgHOQSIMu2tkNW4EfnFCWARH5ywTMlrkfy1KIFn1L8-OBNHG5nY3Q-Wq/s1600/7+Day+Fcst+021714.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEji9jcOrel1X1PPfBj4V90a9N1xEQ7HSBGM9RVJD8jDEWhWGOu7GHdzuP4zfRqpqJHdtvfQsMXzezUdLfWTy5u2pgHOQSIMu2tkNW4EfnFCWARH5ywTMlrkfy1KIFn1L8-OBNHG5nY3Q-Wq/s1600/7+Day+Fcst+021714.JPG" height="223" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The 7-day forecast for Columbia, SC, for February 18-24, 2014. Click on the image for a larger view. Image Credit: WLTX-TV.</span><br />
<a name='more'></a></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Enjoy
this brief interlude from the cold weather.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>A cold front will pass through the Midlands on Friday with scattered
thunderstorms.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There may be some severe
weather with the frontal passage.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>However, it will be turning cooler over the weekend into next week.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
cold weather is not over yet.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Much of
next week is expected to be colder than normal.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The outlook from the Climate Prediction Center (CPC) is for a high
probability of colder than normal conditions.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>This will wrap up the end of February into the beginning of March.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqBXGZqlKk4D1HJ3z5LyiHwKYCLa0e9W1dStcMkbcq2xiPEPQXrMnZE-TzVvgH-1K8_1UxcPyeuvYZBluxWnF33fDS4B81goyr_RjcVfT6fD7T6Z5Awe3_oU5C__ODe_B0YRQ8eLSPDE-v/s1600/8-14+day+forecast+021714.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqBXGZqlKk4D1HJ3z5LyiHwKYCLa0e9W1dStcMkbcq2xiPEPQXrMnZE-TzVvgH-1K8_1UxcPyeuvYZBluxWnF33fDS4B81goyr_RjcVfT6fD7T6Z5Awe3_oU5C__ODe_B0YRQ8eLSPDE-v/s1600/8-14+day+forecast+021714.PNG" height="213" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The 8-14 day outlook for the period February 25 - March 3, 2014. The panel on the left is the probabilistic forecast for Columbia, SC. This gives the probabilities of seeing above, below, or near normal temperatures or precipitation. It also gives you the normal values for the week. Click on the image for a larger view. Image Credit: NOAA\CPC.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">One
positive note is that it is unlikely that we will see snow and ice again this
winter.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>However, we may be trading that
in for severe local storms.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is
unlikely to see two slow years in a row.</span></div>
Jim Gandyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12600726319082481571noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5247087435042328870.post-17544901013675148062014-02-10T21:44:00.001-05:002014-02-10T21:44:53.058-05:00#WinterMess the Sequel<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">And
this time she means business!</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
big picture described in yesterday’s blog post is still on track, but the
details are a little different.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This is
based on the latest computer model runs.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Basically, an upper-level system now in the southwestern part of the
country will combine with a disturbance moving in from western Canada and will
intensify over the Southeast.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This will
induce a surface low to form first in the Gulf of Mexico and then off the
Southeast coast.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>High pressure over New
England will push cold air into the Carolinas setting the stage for winter
precipitation.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It will be a “big ol’
mess” when all comes together.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">A
Winter Weather Advisory has been issued for the northern midland counties of
Saluda, Newberry, Fairfield, and Kershaw.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>This will be for an accumulation of snow and sleet mainly Tuesday
morning.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The following is an update from
the previous post.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">As
mentioned yesterday the forecast is a difficult one based on the timing and
various forms of winter precipitation that will occur.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Midlands will see it all; rain, freezing
rain, sleet, and snow.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It appears that
the onset of precipitation will be late tonight as rain moves into the
area.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The rain will likely change to
snow during the early morning hours for the northern part of the Midlands (Saluda,
Newberry, Fairfield, and Kershaw counties).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>There could be enough accumulation to cause travel problems, so travel
through the northern Midlands needs to be monitored.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The snow will change to rain and taper off
during the afternoon.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This will be the
first surge of moisture into the region.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9YVTWwBKfS6OipxwHh9vhiqwJBE8D8QVQ6MdPQSq6qZafPTT4HxFXB4kGsIVk2GzqVTZSpejV-Hd-E0eH9jKj4xaLLZ9Gxkh1joQS5plb4YE4Tq_JIE6fWfu-hSP5bHWe2_p7iXznmdsN/s1600/Midlands+RPM+fcst+from+21z+021014.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9YVTWwBKfS6OipxwHh9vhiqwJBE8D8QVQ6MdPQSq6qZafPTT4HxFXB4kGsIVk2GzqVTZSpejV-Hd-E0eH9jKj4xaLLZ9Gxkh1joQS5plb4YE4Tq_JIE6fWfu-hSP5bHWe2_p7iXznmdsN/s1600/Midlands+RPM+fcst+from+21z+021014.JPG" height="226" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">A computer model view (RPM) of precipitation at 6 a.m. Tuesday. This is from the 21z RPM model run. The bluish areas are snow and could contain sleet. The green areas are rain. The pink is for a wintry mix. Click on the image for a larger view. Image Credit: WLTX-TV.</span><a name='more'></a></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span><br /></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirwC3rSUq4Az5mqUo3BVvr0P2uDalEdssgRRXOLBb5FZVp7N9AMQdYPFPSvDPuJIgG-7_eUf9d_rjV_uc9DF7_jPX5I81T1GLNmKOjRCob3T4K8oAnBlo7akyd1pn3i-GV4YosoablpyQ6/s1600/WM2+Snow+fcst+for+7+pm+TUE+made+021014.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirwC3rSUq4Az5mqUo3BVvr0P2uDalEdssgRRXOLBb5FZVp7N9AMQdYPFPSvDPuJIgG-7_eUf9d_rjV_uc9DF7_jPX5I81T1GLNmKOjRCob3T4K8oAnBlo7akyd1pn3i-GV4YosoablpyQ6/s1600/WM2+Snow+fcst+for+7+pm+TUE+made+021014.JPG" height="225" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The forecast for snow accumulation mainly from the snow/sleet that falls Tuesday morning. The rain/snow line will cut through the central Midlands. Click on the image for a larger view. Image Credit: WLTX-TV.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
worst of the weather will come Tuesday night through Wednesday night and a
Winter Storm Warning will be in effect from 7 p.m. Tuesday until noon Thursday.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The precipitation may begin as rain late
Tuesday night, but will change to snow, sleet, and freezing rain during the
early morning hours.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The intensity of
the precipitation will increase during the morning and this is when most of the
ice accumulation will occur.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There could
be extensive ice buildup leading to power outage on Wednesday.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Another concern will be winds.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Winds are likely to be from the northeast at
10 to 20 mph on Wednesday which will aggravate the situation.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDbOGOqTQBhF76hasLxPSTEJC93BfZZ9jVLsIWHRqE74768caT40iXrfvItxmMPJnU94YnpWS5NMYSDlXm2d4vZlkhMV6kdvs5B3f9IqQkX6g1ehjg_mlOb5aI5_NVnW6lPJ3X-PwgZkNv/s1600/SC+RPM+for+8+am+021214.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDbOGOqTQBhF76hasLxPSTEJC93BfZZ9jVLsIWHRqE74768caT40iXrfvItxmMPJnU94YnpWS5NMYSDlXm2d4vZlkhMV6kdvs5B3f9IqQkX6g1ehjg_mlOb5aI5_NVnW6lPJ3X-PwgZkNv/s1600/SC+RPM+for+8+am+021214.JPG" height="223" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-size: small;">A computer model view (RPM) of precipitation at 8 a.m. Wednesday. This is from the 21z RPM model run. The bluish areas are snow
and could contain sleet. The green areas are rain. The pink is for a
wintry mix. Click on the image for a larger view. Image Credit:
WLTX-TV.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFWVuxQA1XtbaTLPLtteZ2cxWV3n8SvtZrNTDv33C0cR6APa_rve7DP1nZanKweMIizfAMcnbV3oZKY-ECtRFZkfyKagGRPeqw90j3dDf6rC4IyYhUc8nfV7AP82oXW-NDhhIkc4UjQf4q/s1600/SC+RPM+for+noon+021214.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFWVuxQA1XtbaTLPLtteZ2cxWV3n8SvtZrNTDv33C0cR6APa_rve7DP1nZanKweMIizfAMcnbV3oZKY-ECtRFZkfyKagGRPeqw90j3dDf6rC4IyYhUc8nfV7AP82oXW-NDhhIkc4UjQf4q/s1600/SC+RPM+for+noon+021214.JPG" height="223" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">A computer model view (RPM) of precipitation at noon. Wednesday. This is from the 21z RPM model run. The bluish areas are snow
and could contain sleet. The green areas are rain. The pink is for a
wintry mix. Click on the image for a larger view. Image Credit:
WLTX-TV.</span></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</span></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYpWy9zzrseljbVBZi_f4zkdpiGpWdZ00abXzH11bUAtRj5ujXV0kj0GyWYMx61ga4YqStH5hTtkZf7o4TzWkIYsaiPxWhfvSbdGTEtucTn-d2t49QJYeBi0l1s2d1jU0ZczSQgOKOUmGW/s1600/WM2+Ice+fcst+for+7+pm+WED+made+021014.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYpWy9zzrseljbVBZi_f4zkdpiGpWdZ00abXzH11bUAtRj5ujXV0kj0GyWYMx61ga4YqStH5hTtkZf7o4TzWkIYsaiPxWhfvSbdGTEtucTn-d2t49QJYeBi0l1s2d1jU0ZczSQgOKOUmGW/s1600/WM2+Ice+fcst+for+7+pm+WED+made+021014.JPG" height="223" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-size: small;">The forecast for ice accumulation mainly on Wednesday into Wednesday night. Click on the image for a larger view. Image Credit:
WLTX-TV.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">If
this were not enough the upper-level system will be intensifying over the
Carolinas Wednesday night.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This will
change the freezing rain to sleet and then snow for the piedmont and upstate
areas of South Carolina.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There could be
a substantial snowfall of greater than 4 inches in these areas early Thursday
morning.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In fact the I-85 corridor may
see 6 to 10 inches of snow Wednesday into Thursday before ending.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>However, this will have to be monitored for
there is still considerable uncertainty.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Travel may be all but impossible by Thursday morning.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_GoBack"></a></span></div>
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Jim Gandyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12600726319082481571noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5247087435042328870.post-69220698655274823372014-02-09T22:12:00.000-05:002014-02-09T22:12:22.769-05:00Another #WinterMess?<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Just
two weeks ago a winter storm moved through the region producing a combination
of rain, freezing rain, sleet, and snow.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Many thought this was it for the winter, but Mother Nature had other
ideas.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Look <a href="http://weatherclimatematter.blogspot.com/2014/01/a-look-back-at-wintermess.html" target="_blank">here</a> for a rundown of
WinterMess #1.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Incredulously
another winter storm is headed through the Southeast.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This time it will be a little different from
the previous storm (i.e., no two storms are identical).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A complex weather pattern will develop over
the Southeast with an upper-level disturbance moving east and helping to
develop a low pressure system off the Carolina coast.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A surge of cold air will be pushing into the
Carolinas ahead of this which will turn the rain into a wintry mix.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
models are a little better in converging on a solution.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There is still considerable uncertainty due
to the tight area that the worst will fall.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>A difference of just 20 miles can make a huge difference in the forecast
even at this time range (less than 48 hours).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">This
blog post is designed to give you a heads up on our thinking and the time frame
that things will occur.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There is only
moderate confidence in the details, but the overall picture has good
confidence.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The scenario and forecast
that follows was derived from the 09z, 12z, 15z, and 18z runs of the WSI RPM
model along with the 12z runs of the WRF, GFS, ECMWF, and GEM models on Sunday,
February 9, 2014.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Each model is slightly
different, but the details were mainly from the RPM model.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This represents my best guess at this point.</span></div>
<a name='more'></a><br />
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Clouds
will be increasing across the Midlands Monday and it should be mostly cloudy
into the evening.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There is no concern
about the weather through Monday night, so if you have plans, no need to
change.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCUkZtmrtIrR-WNErNlWTFq8HGe8laqzv9uDvyRW2p-CyaOMf7FkJwzIEhNxJMZJznTv3ERgzy5It9X1lZXXIsxZQQyP4_V-xQ83gzlktRmrmJ4Wug3RNwVONIjynfU0zxm-2tpYrCBDiL/s1600/E+Coast+MON+&+TUE.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCUkZtmrtIrR-WNErNlWTFq8HGe8laqzv9uDvyRW2p-CyaOMf7FkJwzIEhNxJMZJznTv3ERgzy5It9X1lZXXIsxZQQyP4_V-xQ83gzlktRmrmJ4Wug3RNwVONIjynfU0zxm-2tpYrCBDiL/s1600/E+Coast+MON+&+TUE.png" height="300" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">A depiction of the surface weather pattern for 7 pm EST Monday (top) and 7 am EST Tuesday. Little if any precipitation is expected Monday night, but a wedge of cold air will be developing as high pressure to the north builds down the eastern seaboard. The cold air wedge will be in place by daybreak Tuesday. Click on the image for a larger view. Image Credit: WLTX-TV.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
onset of precipitation is likely to be during the day on Tuesday.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It may begin as rain until evaporational
cooling and cold air advection changes it to snow over some parts of the
Midlands.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The timing of precipitation is
uncertain, but roads will likely be fine into the early afternoon.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>However, they could deteriorate rapidly
toward sunset.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6phouh5MsLT__h3kEAYZGsUIY85su_c-TYTapZ98eRWVz4kJDDUfvAKu1TTrFe32Qlno7k1wnMvLLGErTjhTSDnwQ0_ZNvwFipgwIe1nGcwRKMIyS9_nKXbGE8axK_wMMfJ-MrDscF6LI/s1600/WM2+fcst+for+7+pm+TUE+RPM+21z+020914.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6phouh5MsLT__h3kEAYZGsUIY85su_c-TYTapZ98eRWVz4kJDDUfvAKu1TTrFe32Qlno7k1wnMvLLGErTjhTSDnwQ0_ZNvwFipgwIe1nGcwRKMIyS9_nKXbGE8axK_wMMfJ-MrDscF6LI/s1600/WM2+fcst+for+7+pm+TUE+RPM+21z+020914.JPG" height="222" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">A depiction of the surface weather pattern for 7 pm EST Tuesday. The onset of precipitation is likely around midday changing to snow and tapering off toward 7 pm. Click on the image for a
larger view. Image Credit: WLTX-TV.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">It
may get quite interesting Tuesday night.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The snow may change to rain and freezing rain which will change to sleet
overnight.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Much of the Midlands will see
sleet or freezing rain early Wednesday morning.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>There could be an prolonged period of sleet into daybreak for the
central Midlands.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This will likely
change to freezing rain shortly thereafter which could last until early
afternoon.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>During this time the ice
accumulation could be significant leading to power outages.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The precipitation may diminish some in the
afternoon, but it will not end until Thursday morning.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2GYfOKDkf4ZREPb3PIX9DMBWMAARkNuGK70MynA98K9se5CFY33Y7oVhQbHas1zgWjgFtdhiVXnh5f2ImyQOrlD-tqitfIuLpcuqN1gHr2Q1nc64rCWc8Dceanc3qPr_49uqtTnrFhNco/s1600/WM2+fcst+for+7+am+WED+RPM+21z+020914.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2GYfOKDkf4ZREPb3PIX9DMBWMAARkNuGK70MynA98K9se5CFY33Y7oVhQbHas1zgWjgFtdhiVXnh5f2ImyQOrlD-tqitfIuLpcuqN1gHr2Q1nc64rCWc8Dceanc3qPr_49uqtTnrFhNco/s1600/WM2+fcst+for+7+am+WED+RPM+21z+020914.JPG" height="221" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">A depiction of the surface weather pattern for 7 am EST Wednesday. There will be a significant amount of winter precipitation overnight. The intensity of the cold air wedge will be greatest on Wednesday. Click on the image for a
larger view. Image Credit: WLTX-TV.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span><br /></span></div>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEglCOv17sh1I04Ya5GKFgM_8KHO1ShOwaNM0Em7bPQ3cr7l0_5gPh0LbdtDvRW6l_0HZD0Kilm4tC9wfKipZ7svd8peJKbBBEAgX6T_1_we4hqzj9cnQoMnkM8QtWxnP9xQE6Qw0iGB4vnk/s1600/WM2+fcst+for+4+pm+WED+RPM+21z+020914.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEglCOv17sh1I04Ya5GKFgM_8KHO1ShOwaNM0Em7bPQ3cr7l0_5gPh0LbdtDvRW6l_0HZD0Kilm4tC9wfKipZ7svd8peJKbBBEAgX6T_1_we4hqzj9cnQoMnkM8QtWxnP9xQE6Qw0iGB4vnk/s1600/WM2+fcst+for+4+pm+WED+RPM+21z+020914.JPG" height="221" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">A depiction of the surface weather pattern for 4 pm EST Wednesday. The precipitation may diminish near sunset, but precipitation to the north is likely to move through overnight before ending. Click on the image for a
larger view. Image Credit: WLTX-TV.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
precipitation could increase and change to sleet and snow Wednesday night
before ending.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Any additional amounts
during this time are NOT figured into my snow and ice forecast.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Thus, it could get a little worse Wednesday
night.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The precipitation should be over
by daybreak on Thursday as the storm moves up the eastern seaboard.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">One
of the biggest complexities in this forecast is the fact that the Midlands will
be on the boundary between rain and snow.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>In fact the precipitation is likely to change phases many times before
ending.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This makes any forecast of snow
and ice exceedingly difficult.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
following forecast is a snow forecast ending at 7 a.m. Wednesday morning.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In this forecast is also an accumulation of
sleet which I did not break out since both may fall at the same time.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7eFFnO4703PmjZlg-UX2pTQzAAp0Ltdnl-cS3N7mruY148p3c0FDQ8cxyWzAL23CzPfhZquJCLAp-O-_zMKzNh6wVGa_D-2wjEvi5iwZjVh1r0SgbDszSMooQKC6oRFZB7rXG_cwpUYuL/s1600/WM2+Snow+fcst+for+7+am+WED+made+020914.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7eFFnO4703PmjZlg-UX2pTQzAAp0Ltdnl-cS3N7mruY148p3c0FDQ8cxyWzAL23CzPfhZquJCLAp-O-_zMKzNh6wVGa_D-2wjEvi5iwZjVh1r0SgbDszSMooQKC6oRFZB7rXG_cwpUYuL/s1600/WM2+Snow+fcst+for+7+am+WED+made+020914.JPG" height="225" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">A forecast of snow accumulation (not snow depth) by 7 am EST Wednesday. Most of the snow will be Tuesday with sleet (included) Tuesday night. Note the tightness of the snow bands. Click on the image for a
larger view. Image Credit: WLTX-TV.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
ice forecast is ice accumulation from freezing rain.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Significant ice buildup is not expected until
Wednesday.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The greatest accumulation of
ice may be Wednesday morning.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Thus, the
ice forecast is up to 7 p.m. Wednesday evening.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3ERPpbfkoGsBY3Q-SElQ8knMM8r14p_CLdhWSDTVyuw9xFgM55kUPEg1gkvdrAYHjqxhatJzQxtcZQdokl2x6gZhwiC8r2w-1_3IuqfEyVG2WRrYwKOM1Aa4vvR0b22cLIN9A0QaV88-j/s1600/WM2+Ice+fcst+for+7+pm+WED+made+020914.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3ERPpbfkoGsBY3Q-SElQ8knMM8r14p_CLdhWSDTVyuw9xFgM55kUPEg1gkvdrAYHjqxhatJzQxtcZQdokl2x6gZhwiC8r2w-1_3IuqfEyVG2WRrYwKOM1Aa4vvR0b22cLIN9A0QaV88-j/s1600/WM2+Ice+fcst+for+7+pm+WED+made+020914.JPG" height="223" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">A forecast of ice accumulation by 7 pm EST Wednesday. The most significant ice accumulation from freezing rain is likely Wednesday morning. Note the maximum ice accumulation is through the central Midlands. Click on the image for a
larger view. Image Credit: WLTX-TV.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">It
is hard to express the difficultly in this forecast.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Many hours were spent comparing computer
models and analyzing their results.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>There is moderate confidence in the result.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The biggest uncertainty lies in the narrow
range of ice.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This may be adjusted north
or south based on later information, but the overall pattern seems good.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This will be a longer event than the last one
and could last into Thursday.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
biggest problem for decision makers may be Tuesday.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The onset of precipitation may determine how
fast conditions deteriorate.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>What is
certain is that a winter storm for Wednesday is likely.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Be
sure to catch breaking news by following me on Twitter: @JimGandyWLTX along
with my colleagues @Daniel_Bonds, @amyaaronson, @ChristineWLTX.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Also you can follow News19 on Twitter at:
@WLTX and also on Facebook.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I will have
on updated blog post on this late on Monday.</span></div>
Jim Gandyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12600726319082481571noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5247087435042328870.post-42151956392790990672014-01-31T13:32:00.000-05:002014-01-31T13:48:35.286-05:00A Look Back at the #WinterMess<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<br />
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
snow that everyone graved finally came to the Midlands.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The same storm system that affected
Birmingham and Atlanta also affected Columbia, SC.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Rain and sleet began to fall before noon on
Tuesday, but it wasn’t enough to measure and didn’t cause any problems.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The lower atmosphere was quite dry so that it
would take hours of light precipitation to moisten the atmosphere enough to
allow for any significant precipitation.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Finally
a band of rain/freezing rain moved across the southern half of the Midlands
just before dark.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This was followed by
snow in the northern part of the Midlands.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>It eventually reached Columbia in the form of freezing rain.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>At WLTX we pick up an ice accumulation of
1/10 of an inch before the precipitation changed over to snow.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The southern third of the Midlands saw ice
accumulations of a ¼ to ½ inch.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
air was chilled by the rain/sleet/snow mix and temperatures fell below freezing
over all of the Midlands shortly after sunset.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The precipitation changed to snow which fell mainly from 7:30 p.m. to
about 2 a.m. across the Midlands.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Snow
ended from west to east and the amounts didn’t vary a great deal across the
Midlands.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjP6mj_SaTxmgxtI1hyphenhyphenzxYfEo1JNbxmIggn2GVGlssB-_AMHuowiAIjBWZ0sbVMueWIEkSnk58MKhYBaWw0x2y7Y3Kbuat9szoWfI1hVhVRzYmpaPDOwwYRGpyXERL76F5GY2BSXcJLKnMk/s1600/Snowfall+Map+NWS+012914.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjP6mj_SaTxmgxtI1hyphenhyphenzxYfEo1JNbxmIggn2GVGlssB-_AMHuowiAIjBWZ0sbVMueWIEkSnk58MKhYBaWw0x2y7Y3Kbuat9szoWfI1hVhVRzYmpaPDOwwYRGpyXERL76F5GY2BSXcJLKnMk/s1600/Snowfall+Map+NWS+012914.JPG" height="301" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">A map of the midlands of South Carolina showing total snow depth as of Wednesday morning January 29, 2014. This is from preliminary data. Click on the image for a larger view. Image Credit: NOAA/NWS/CAE.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Amounts
were generally 2 to 3 inches across much of the area.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was a wet snow which made for great
snowmen and snowball fights.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Here is a
view of the region from the satellite the next day:</span><br />
<a name='more'></a></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhu_csl8Q3DE6JNroskUE6ErZc_m6fGn1ku7e_4RtfKBsMeOj5yhspeyDqXWzd3rjfWUdIFHDGVK49_0Vj8KcNyZ1CgPUFaAah8hwqMITk_FlFFNbnJ0a7lKfi-a2YBk95P1CMbd0f8Ry_Q/s1600/NASA+SE+Snow+012914.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhu_csl8Q3DE6JNroskUE6ErZc_m6fGn1ku7e_4RtfKBsMeOj5yhspeyDqXWzd3rjfWUdIFHDGVK49_0Vj8KcNyZ1CgPUFaAah8hwqMITk_FlFFNbnJ0a7lKfi-a2YBk95P1CMbd0f8Ry_Q/s1600/NASA+SE+Snow+012914.JPG" height="265" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">A visible satellite view from Wednesday January 29, 2014. The solid white area at the bottom of the picture are clouds for the most part. Elsewhere skies are clear and the white areas are snow on the ground. Click on the image for a larger view. Image Credit: NASA.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Skies
cleared late Wednesday and calm conditions developed overnight.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In addition, the snow cover allowed for good
radiational cooling to occur.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This
allowed temperatures to drop to very cold readings by Thursday morning.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The temperature at the National Weather
Service Forecast Office in Columbia was 13° F for the low.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The lowest temperature occurred at Cedar
Creek (northern Richland County) with 6° F.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">We
are fortunate to have a mesoscale network of sensors around Richland County.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This network showed how temperatures can vary
on just a county scale.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Below are the
low temperatures for Thursday morning:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgs3xxPOUIPr55gatFabm6UvFRml8xRKDyM76XiJG0UsyPcwMjLaST37t5PXSK169rYW_eN4weZCxDjY8TQbYngOW_ozgXKXNQKsjb55AuHidphgE_7auyfutRNgbaK0NbVrpwOZWbbezYL/s1600/RC+Winds+Lows+013014.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgs3xxPOUIPr55gatFabm6UvFRml8xRKDyM76XiJG0UsyPcwMjLaST37t5PXSK169rYW_eN4weZCxDjY8TQbYngOW_ozgXKXNQKsjb55AuHidphgE_7auyfutRNgbaK0NbVrpwOZWbbezYL/s1600/RC+Winds+Lows+013014.jpg" height="277" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Low temperatures around Richland County, SC, for Thursday morning on January 30, 2014. Click on the image for a larger view. Image Credit: Ken Aucoin/ RC Winds.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">How well was this
forecast?</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Daniel
Bonds and I spent a couple of hours Sunday afternoon evaluating the many
different models.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The GFS (American)
model did the best in capturing the ice accumulation and snow accumulation.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It wasn’t perfect, but it did the best job.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Our
own in-house model (RPM) did the worst, but it was greatly influenced by the
American WRF model.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Also, the European
model was too cold which led to high snowfall totals and no ice.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The European model was forecasting snowfall
of about 7 inches while the WRF was forecasting about 15 inches for
Columbia.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>These were unrealistic in my
view given the dynamics of the atmosphere.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">I
suspect that this tainted some of the local forecasts of snow.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I frequently saw forecasts of 3 to 5 and 5 to
7 inches of snow.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Our forecast for 2 to
4 inches of snow hit the mark for the central Midlands.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>However, our view of closer to 4 inches for
the northern Midlands was too high.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The
forecast of 1 to 2 inches of snow for the southern Midlands worked, but was a
little low in places.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Our forecast for
ice accumulation for the southern Midlands was spot on, but a little high for
the central Midlands.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">You
can see the forecasts from the GFS model in the previous two posts.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I did not make a map of forecast snow, but
talked in general terms.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When you have a
storm producing a mix like this one, timing is everything.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Freezing rain and sleet tend to compact the
snow leading to smaller snow depths.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>An
all snow event would likely have produced amounts in the 3 to 4 inch range.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">We
weathered the storm much better than cities to our west.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The situation in Atlanta has received the
most media attention. I would direct you to two posts which cover it quite
well.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The <a href="http://meteorologistandtheatlantasnow2014.blogspot.com/" target="_blank">first post</a> is from the president of the American Meteorological Society (soon to be
past-president) and teaches at the University of Georgia.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The <a href="http://www.wunderground.com/blog/bnorcross/comment.html?entrynum=37" target="_blank">second post</a> is from Bryan Norcross at the Weather Channel.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">It
will be warming into February and January will be a fading memory.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>However, looking at the overall pattern for
North America, the weather pattern is changing to something we have not seen
since November.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Fasten your seatbelt,
because it looks like it is going to be a wild ride.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Stay tuned!</span></div>
Jim Gandyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12600726319082481571noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5247087435042328870.post-80064968820172848632014-01-28T01:56:00.002-05:002014-01-28T01:56:47.999-05:00A Major #WinterMess<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<![endif]--><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
National Weather Service issued a Winter Storm Warning for all of the Midlands
of South Carolina beginning at 11 a.m. Tuesday and ending at 9 a.m.
Wednesday.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The warning was issued for
significant accumulations of winter precipitation.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>While the warning covers all of the Midlands
the effects of the winter storm will be quite nuanced.</span>
<br />
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">First,
the jet stream in the upper atmosphere is diving far to the south from the
Arctic region.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The term polar vortex was
used earlier in January to describe to cold weather seen at that time.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Well, it’s baaaaack!<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This time a piece of the polar vortex is
centered just east of James Bay in Canada.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Cold Arctic air is plunging south to the Gulf coast and covering much of
the Southeast.</span></div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiswlFNldAY-SqzyKRn-K-Qh9PRoH2oB599SFOJIHn2Rfnc8JeslAuOo6N11kRd1c5F9a18XOwXdxUhNhSSeyFcQ_BaDMDKRk-4cvdwjEwDZNstt7OYz51FhqNunCcW1A1mRjs5fQbKceDm/s1600/Upper+Air+00z+012814.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiswlFNldAY-SqzyKRn-K-Qh9PRoH2oB599SFOJIHn2Rfnc8JeslAuOo6N11kRd1c5F9a18XOwXdxUhNhSSeyFcQ_BaDMDKRk-4cvdwjEwDZNstt7OYz51FhqNunCcW1A1mRjs5fQbKceDm/s1600/Upper+Air+00z+012814.JPG" height="223" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The 500 mb pattern for 00z Tuesday, January 28, 2014. Click on the image for a larger view. Image Credit: WLTX-TV.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">All
of the computer models have been signaling this for the past few days.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>However, their solutions have differed as to
how and when the precipitation will develop across the Southeast.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Some of the models have brought the cold air
in too fast resulting in primarily a snow forecast.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Others have slowed the advance of the cold
air which has produced forecasts of freezing rain, sleet, and snow.</span></div>
<a name='more'></a><br />
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">One
such model has been the American model (GFS).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The model has been doing a better job of comparing with observations at
the forecast time.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This has instilled
more confidence in the eventual outcome.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Therefore,
the scenario for today is similar to the one in the previous post on
Sunday.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I expect light rain/freezing
rain to develop sometime mid to late morning.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>There could be some sleet mixed in.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The precipitation will be intermittent and light so that travel should
not be impacted through the morning.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Temperatures may be above freezing near daybreak, but will slowly fall
to freezing or below by midday.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Precipitation
will be mixed in the afternoon with a sleet/freezing rain mix for the southern half
of the Midlands to at sleet or sleet/snow mix in the north.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This will gradually change to all snow at
some time in the evening.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Most of the
precipitation will fall from midday Tuesday to midnight.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The heaviest precipitation will be likely in
the evening.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This will be when most of
the accumulation occurs.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There will be
more ice in the southern Midlands and more snow in the north.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
scenario calls for two parts to this storm.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>First, ice will accumulate.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Then
it will gradually change over to snow before ending.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Ice
will begin to build up in the afternoon and peak toward early evening.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There will be little ice in the northern
Midlands, but ¼” to ½” of ice is expected for the central Midlands.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The greatest ice accumulation will be in the
southern Midlands with closer to ½” of ice.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
precipitation will change to snow or a snow/sleet mix in the evening and
continue into the early morning hours.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Amounts of 1-2” are expected for the southern Midlands.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The central Midlands including Columbia will
see 2-4” of snow.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Finally the northern
Midlands will see closer to 4”+ of snow.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Isolated areas might see closer to 5” in the north.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWCDRLPxsoWiS2NzkPKy83JjWhxsA1aJSby_A5CPtLrg2qYy6QRtigykFR8hu0AN09ubwlSukYa0OTgYcP0SjMZ0J9XwQO-H7XC1IO8tLMQ9IRY5d_VTyf65_eAaijgL7mpHWN8QHzLaTD/s1600/GFS+Ice+fcst+18z+012714.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWCDRLPxsoWiS2NzkPKy83JjWhxsA1aJSby_A5CPtLrg2qYy6QRtigykFR8hu0AN09ubwlSukYa0OTgYcP0SjMZ0J9XwQO-H7XC1IO8tLMQ9IRY5d_VTyf65_eAaijgL7mpHWN8QHzLaTD/s1600/GFS+Ice+fcst+18z+012714.JPG" height="221" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Ice accumulation from the 18z version of the GFS model. Click on the image for a larger view. Image Credit: WLTX-TV.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhV_qNPDJp1QCpqg5NQvTljYGqneeJbLyENr8gay2UUwKKHLKLYSQNcM6VrCURqbYv0tnPhdcbHzAowBm__9zH2KAEg3peTsOHBCrgMc0YwTLz5LU1ezj35XcWGxrYL-7TSoosGMJdVyJ6W/s1600/GFS+Snow+fcst+18z+012714.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhV_qNPDJp1QCpqg5NQvTljYGqneeJbLyENr8gay2UUwKKHLKLYSQNcM6VrCURqbYv0tnPhdcbHzAowBm__9zH2KAEg3peTsOHBCrgMc0YwTLz5LU1ezj35XcWGxrYL-7TSoosGMJdVyJ6W/s1600/GFS+Snow+fcst+18z+012714.JPG" height="221" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Snow accumulation from the 18z version of the GFS model. Click on the image for a larger view. Image Credit: WLTX-TV.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
forecasts above are closest to my thinking.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>These come from the 18z (1 p.m. ET) run of the model.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I did see the later version (00z 01/28/14) of
the GFS.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There was a little more ice and
a little less snow.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The 00z version might
be true, but the 18z version of the model was verifying well.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">It
is going to be a #WinterMess.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This is
nothing like the snowstorm of 1973 or the ice storm of 2004, but it will create
enough problems.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Travel will become
difficult as the snow and ice accumulate.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>In addition, the ice accumulation is likely to cause power outages.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This is difficult with the cold air that will
settle in for the next few days.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Don’t
dwell on the numbers other than to give an indication to the general snow and
ice amounts.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>What you see in your area
may not be seen just 20 miles down the road.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>There will be many nuances to the winter weather as it unfolds and could
make for an interesting story.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It
promises to be an interesting ride.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Stay
tuned!</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Be
sure to keep up on the latest through the WLTX Facebook page.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>You can also get timely updates on Twitter by
following me @JimGandyWLTX along with @amyaaronson, @Daniel_Bonds, and
@ChristineWLTX.</span></div>
Jim Gandyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12600726319082481571noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5247087435042328870.post-31284299131320772912014-01-26T20:59:00.000-05:002014-01-26T20:59:36.955-05:00A #wintermess for Tuesday, January 28, 2014<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
National Weather Service issued a Winter Storm Watch for the midlands of South
Carolina Sunday afternoon.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is for the
time period from Tuesday morning to Wednesday afternoon.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Immediately everyone was jumping up and down
for joy over the prospect for snow.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Not
so fast bucko!<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Everything is not as it
seems.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">It
took quite a bit of careful analysis to decipher what the scenario would
be.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The computer models have been all
over the place with this system; from no snow to more than 15” of snow.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Even our own in-house model has seen big
run-to-run swings with 2 to 4 inches of snow in one run to no snow the
next.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>So what to do?</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">I
have decided that the American model (GFS) seems to be preforming the best for
now.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The NAM model has been showing wild
swings run-to-run and the European model (ECMWF) seems too cold.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>None of the models are perfect, but the GFS
seems to be closest to actual observations in the forecast.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Thus,
here is the forecast for Columbia, South Carolina over the next seven
days.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This was posted Sunday, January
26, 2014:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdV4gLv4IaaaVSltFigiZ88_HGDRXmwVBBnsD2fOMUozkhvVKuUv78TIGzr_3C03BlFr1t-_Zfoq8m9J9I9k1SnoK836lr9KiprWP94bbPhh3AJnITJomqc-XxfZFe8LAglzI-IN5UAdMO/s1600/7-day+Fcst+CAE+012614.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdV4gLv4IaaaVSltFigiZ88_HGDRXmwVBBnsD2fOMUozkhvVKuUv78TIGzr_3C03BlFr1t-_Zfoq8m9J9I9k1SnoK836lr9KiprWP94bbPhh3AJnITJomqc-XxfZFe8LAglzI-IN5UAdMO/s1600/7-day+Fcst+CAE+012614.jpg" height="225" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The seven-day forecast posted Sunday, January 26, 2014 for Columbia, SC. Click on the image for a larger view. Image Credit: WLTX-TV.</span><a name='more'></a></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
scenario for the upcoming winter weather should be as follows:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiE5XbuLdaq_MjZfpSRquTBhqig8wUdoff2tMOjo5lzTsnEBFllRHljXgVRM4-6-ROieTO05ZNvbbiC_y9pZ-qDi1wN_ujLlH-ny5hDryrM2csoi4mSHVfncf5K4iu_-5EkY9V0_Pqcj0C1/s1600/US+surface+map+for+18z+MON+012714.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiE5XbuLdaq_MjZfpSRquTBhqig8wUdoff2tMOjo5lzTsnEBFllRHljXgVRM4-6-ROieTO05ZNvbbiC_y9pZ-qDi1wN_ujLlH-ny5hDryrM2csoi4mSHVfncf5K4iu_-5EkY9V0_Pqcj0C1/s1600/US+surface+map+for+18z+MON+012714.gif" height="283" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-size: small;">The surface forecast for the U.S. as of 18z Monday, January 27, 2014. Click on the image for a larger view. Image Credit: NOAA\WPC.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">A
cold front is expected to pass through the Midlands around midday on
Monday.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Cold Arctic air will begin
pushing into the region on brisk winds overnight.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Temperatures will be near freezing by Tuesday
morning.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Precipitation will begin to
spread northeast from the Gulf coast states and should begin to move into South
Carolina during the afternoon.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
precipitation is likely to range from a light rain/sleet mix in the southern
part of the Midlands to a snow/sleet mix in the north.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There could be an extended period of sleet
through the afternoon into the evening before the precipitation changes to
snow.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Thus, this storm is likely to be a
mixed bag for the Midlands.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Here
are two forecasts from the GFS model which cover the same storm, but break down
the precipitation into snow and sleet.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The
sleet is expected first with the snow accumulation after the sleet
accumulation.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiPPdr9PC11rlC7P2enBYFzcJcmx0RxaYAhyi0VL7GI36DRKQl88ir9csUcUjtyQwcz5R7ozqMnRPuOilsVvGvs3mGic_XOrbkT8YdyLPX8lYD9TVlaLtD1u8BiJZ6TT5lAs-E0lThy5Lik/s1600/GFS+18z+Wed+Ice+012614.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiPPdr9PC11rlC7P2enBYFzcJcmx0RxaYAhyi0VL7GI36DRKQl88ir9csUcUjtyQwcz5R7ozqMnRPuOilsVvGvs3mGic_XOrbkT8YdyLPX8lYD9TVlaLtD1u8BiJZ6TT5lAs-E0lThy5Lik/s1600/GFS+18z+Wed+Ice+012614.jpg" height="223" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The forecast for sleet accumulation as of 7 pm Wednesday, January 29, 2014. The forecast is from the 18z run of the GFS model. Click on the image for a larger view. Image Credit: WLTX-TV.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSaGmB8sheoa2HsghhP2zR__Cim_mlxn3gCGsLBSirIpovpw3mMicNPA0Um4P-P_wvet0fnV-7Z9Q3bPmeCgaWVsH7aYf37dPYDTIEDXevodtcPAcihhCz7kZzGKLZ_ubZ_bbHbjri8j53/s1600/GFS+18z+Wed+Snow+012614.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSaGmB8sheoa2HsghhP2zR__Cim_mlxn3gCGsLBSirIpovpw3mMicNPA0Um4P-P_wvet0fnV-7Z9Q3bPmeCgaWVsH7aYf37dPYDTIEDXevodtcPAcihhCz7kZzGKLZ_ubZ_bbHbjri8j53/s1600/GFS+18z+Wed+Snow+012614.jpg" height="225" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-size: small;">The forecast for snow accumulation as of 7 pm Wednesday, January 29, 2014. The forecast is from the 18z run of the GFS model. Click on the image for a larger view. Image Credit: WLTX-TV.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">It
gets worst for the coast.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There is a
significant possibility for an ice storm (freezing rain) for the coastal areas
of South Carolina Tuesday night.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In this
area the ice could build up to a quarter of an inch.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I cannot dismiss the possibility of freezing
rain for Orangeburg and Clarendon counties.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>They may see it all, i.e. rain, freezing rain, sleet, and snow.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>However, the snow accumulation for these
counties may only be a dusting.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Do
not take the forecast numbers as the gospel truth as to what is about to
happen.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We have noticed significant
variance for each run and they may not converge for another 24 hours.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Bottom-line:
It is going to be a #wintermess Tuesday and Wednesday across South
Carolina.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Travel will become difficult
Tuesday night as temperatures drop into the mid-20s and roads will be icy by
Wednesday morning.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There will likely be
power outages for those areas that get freezing rain.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Consider yourself lucky if all you have to
deal with is sleet and snow.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This is
more likely to happen north of I-20.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Be
sure to follow my updates on this storm on Twitter: @JimGandyWLTX and on
Facebook at WLTX.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Others to follow from
the weather team are @amyaaronson, @Daniel_Bonds, and @ChristineWLTX.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>You can also check for #wintermess on
Twitter.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">This
should be fun to follow.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I will have an
update on the impending weather tomorrow evening.</span></div>
Jim Gandyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12600726319082481571noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5247087435042328870.post-34504222182013951982014-01-21T01:15:00.000-05:002014-01-21T01:16:06.209-05:00A Cold End to January 2014<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">A
weather pattern we have seen many times since late October, 2013, has
reappeared in its amplified form.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The
ridge of high pressure in the upper atmosphere has been building since late
last week along the Pacific Coast, stretching from northwest Mexico to
Alaska.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This has pushed the jet stream
far to the north into Alaska and the Yukon.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-vDPGp42kE7I-YNi3damM2xhDmpArKhomKbZs5s0ayBGaD41SzlpopT8tTtRuCJ-_SC8LiVVR49lVh1am4BOoRRIi670XffAG9C4Qj5D89q_Ydn52zpH-_fV3VrqivrCeC3I0lYoMl_o_/s1600/Upper+Air+00z+012114.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-vDPGp42kE7I-YNi3damM2xhDmpArKhomKbZs5s0ayBGaD41SzlpopT8tTtRuCJ-_SC8LiVVR49lVh1am4BOoRRIi670XffAG9C4Qj5D89q_Ydn52zpH-_fV3VrqivrCeC3I0lYoMl_o_/s1600/Upper+Air+00z+012114.JPG" height="221" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The 500 mb pattern for North American at 00z January 21, 2014. Click on the image for a larger view. Image Credit: WLTX-TV.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
result has been unseasonably warm temperatures for this time of year.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is still cold, but in Fairbanks the
temperature averaged 24° F above normal on Monday.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There have been wild swings in Fairbanks, AK,
this month with its coldest temperature of -41° F on January 12<sup>th</sup>
& 13<sup>th</sup>, and its warmest temperature at 34° F on January 17<sup>th</sup>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On that day the temperature averaged 32° F
above normal.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwXeRlnlIOMhJNXG9die_lVdy-uixr2X9u2_gTpDv271Np5-NCC1gKXe3ekGgfzPiQOQ_7r7KFrQdk44fioyvjnMLJiv1M_asdmOKMQ3b_0f7qPCClU5BdX4UQlJRAd2SGBWpGgqx9CqPN/s1600/Alaska+temps+12+am+012114.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwXeRlnlIOMhJNXG9die_lVdy-uixr2X9u2_gTpDv271Np5-NCC1gKXe3ekGgfzPiQOQ_7r7KFrQdk44fioyvjnMLJiv1M_asdmOKMQ3b_0f7qPCClU5BdX4UQlJRAd2SGBWpGgqx9CqPN/s1600/Alaska+temps+12+am+012114.JPG" height="223" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Alaskan temperatures at midnight January 21, 2014. These are warm readings for central Alaska in January. Click on the image for a larger view. Image Credit: WLTX-TV.</span><br />
<a name='more'></a></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">As
the jet stream plunges south into the southeastern U. S. it has been bringing
to cold Arctic air from north central Canada.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Here temperatures have been -20° F to -40° F.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This is not as cold as the air mass at the
beginning of the month, but still cold enough to cause problems.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-eimw3zhzkLpV6LvV5sjnmA6e5qm3THQFYhLGvw5EPs6tSHsYEIuDjHSqQ3FXhRJCq6TyopQvEJzN746-cf4PqFddSrWmDTemzaiZbCyzOqsNWjkFBNIqL8sJdoLbanxGkamKtmwImWcg/s1600/Canada+Temps+12+am+012114.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-eimw3zhzkLpV6LvV5sjnmA6e5qm3THQFYhLGvw5EPs6tSHsYEIuDjHSqQ3FXhRJCq6TyopQvEJzN746-cf4PqFddSrWmDTemzaiZbCyzOqsNWjkFBNIqL8sJdoLbanxGkamKtmwImWcg/s1600/Canada+Temps+12+am+012114.JPG" height="223" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Canadian temperatures at midnight January 21, 2014. Click on the image for a larger view. Image Credit: WLTX-TV.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">All
of the signs point to cold pattern persisting to the end of the month.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The seven day forecast for Columbia, SC
illustrates this as the temperature climbed to 70° F Monday afternoon, yet the
high temperature is only expected to reach 35° F on Friday.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The northwest flow aloft is also a dry
weather pattern.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Arctic air is quite
cold, thus devoid of much moisture.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Relative humidities in the afternoon have been dropping into the 10-20%
range.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Very dry air, indeed!</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbHVwfYcGFqY6BRnaWFu91QoxDyh_-O-RwnsLQ90wZ8H7RQakwYPDSKI07Llr-UO0_GJcCGtTeo698dG8hrcSnJiqw-wIj5vn0rjYtoZR53T9ZXnLn79Xynhw4tdWhR5jqvMQoOgLBH6vo/s1600/7-day+fcst+012014.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbHVwfYcGFqY6BRnaWFu91QoxDyh_-O-RwnsLQ90wZ8H7RQakwYPDSKI07Llr-UO0_GJcCGtTeo698dG8hrcSnJiqw-wIj5vn0rjYtoZR53T9ZXnLn79Xynhw4tdWhR5jqvMQoOgLBH6vo/s1600/7-day+fcst+012014.jpg" height="225" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The 7-day forecast produced on January 20, 2014. Click on the image for a larger view. Image Credit: WLTX-TV.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
6 to 10 day forecast, covering the period from January 26<sup>th</sup> through
January 30<sup>th</sup>, shows a continuation of this pattern into next
week.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The eastern half of the nation
will be colder than normal while the western half is well above normal.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Alaska will similarly experience above normal
temperatures.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWlTU4N45JoQJa30sTWR8BoTZoq7pFZ-rDz1eZ4n_EsWHlMakGQNWMFFd_X33upox9NeLI6HXTP64s1yhmODaJqC-fzvrobIe51m2PKNWxarSv-swkoroLBByKCpR3HgYaOPgex3Dn0SV9/s1600/6-10+day+fcst+012014.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWlTU4N45JoQJa30sTWR8BoTZoq7pFZ-rDz1eZ4n_EsWHlMakGQNWMFFd_X33upox9NeLI6HXTP64s1yhmODaJqC-fzvrobIe51m2PKNWxarSv-swkoroLBByKCpR3HgYaOPgex3Dn0SV9/s1600/6-10+day+fcst+012014.PNG" height="400" width="381" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The 6-10 day outlook for temperatures spanning the time from January 26-30, 2014. The probabilities are for above and below normal temperatures. Click on the image for a larger view. Image Credit: NOAA\CPC.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">This
may be the pattern through the end of January, but all indications are that the
pattern will change in early February.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The upper air pattern will flatten and the cold air will retreat into
the Arctic region.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Thus, temperatures
will moderate and it should be a nice beginning to the month.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
pattern of amplifying and de-amplifying has brought wild swings of temperatures
to Alaska and the Southeast.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I see no
reason to believe that the pattern will not continue through much of
February.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The outlook is calling for
drier than normal conditions for February.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>However, the bulk of precipitation so far this winter has tended to come
all-at-once with extended dry periods in between.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>All it will take is the right timing and we
will see snow.</span></div>
Jim Gandyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12600726319082481571noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5247087435042328870.post-68973022194353737872014-01-14T01:31:00.000-05:002014-01-14T01:42:08.087-05:00The Polar Vortex & More<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
first major North American weather event of 2014 was the cold Arctic outbreak
in the first week of January.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The term
polar vortex became the buzz word (in the media) for the cold outbreak, though
it was much more.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As a <a href="http://weatherclimatematter.blogspot.com/2013/12/weathers-ups-downs.html" target="_blank">previous post</a> notes this was a pattern extending back to late October of 2013.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
term polar vortex has been around since the 1940s.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>From the American Meteorological Society
Glossary of Meteorology:</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Polar vortex - </span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">(<i>Also called</i> polar cyclone, <a href="http://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Polar_low" title="Polar low">polar low</a>,
circumpolar whirl.) The planetary-scale <a href="http://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Cyclonic_circulation" title="Cyclonic circulation">cyclonic circulation</a>, centered generally in
the polar regions, extending from the middle <a href="http://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Troposphere" title="Troposphere">troposphere</a>
to the <a href="http://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Stratosphere" title="Stratosphere">stratosphere</a>.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The westerly airflow is largely a manifestation of the <a href="http://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Thermal_wind" title="Thermal wind">thermal
wind</a> above the <a href="http://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Polar_frontal_zone" title="Polar frontal zone">polar frontal zone</a> of middle and subpolar
latitudes. The <a href="http://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Vortex" title="Vortex">vortex</a>
is strongest in winter when the pole-to-equator <a href="http://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Temperature" title="Temperature">temperature</a>
gradient is strongest. In the Northern Hemisphere, the vortex has two centers
in the mean, one near Baffin Island and the other over northeast Siberia.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I prefer to use the term Arctic
outbreak to describe what happened in early January.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The polar vortex was involved, but the
overall pattern was much more than the polar vortex.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The winds in the upper atmosphere plunged
from northwestern Canada into the southeastern U.S. due to an amplification of
the ridge of high pressure off the West coast and the deep trough over the
eastern part of North America.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">NASA put together a movie of
temperature observations </span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">from
NASA's Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) instrument on NASA's Aqua spacecraft.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Atmospheric Infrared Sounder, AIRS, in
conjunction with the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit, AMSU, sense emitted
infrared and microwave radiation from the Earth to provide a three-dimensional
look at Earth's weather and climate. Working in tandem, the two instruments
make simultaneous observations all the way down to the Earth's surface, even in
the presence of heavy clouds. With more than 2,000 channels sensing different
regions of the atmosphere, the system creates a global, three-dimensional map
of atmospheric temperature and humidity, cloud amounts and heights, greenhouse
gas concentrations, and many other atmospheric phenomena. The AIRS and AMSU fly
onboard NASA's Aqua spacecraft and are managed by the Jet Propulsion
Laboratory, Pasadena, California, under contract to NASA. JPL is a division of
the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
temperatures shown are at a pressure of 850 hectopascals (hPa, also known as
850 mbs) which is at an altitude of 4500 to 5000 feet over much of the U.S. It
begins on December 1, 2013 and runs through January 7, 2014.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The most obvious feature of the movie is the
tongue of cold air moving out of Canada and southward to cover much of the
eastern United States during early January 2014.</span></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">This is a picture of the last day of the movie, Tuesday, January 7, 2014. The dark blue areas start at -12° C and become purple at -24° C. This was the farthest extent south and the surface temperature dropped to 13° F in Columbia, SC, with a wind chill temperature of 3° F. Click on the image for a larger view. Image Credit: NASA.</span><br />
<a name='more'></a></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
pattern de-amplified toward last weekend allowing temperatures to moderate
across the U.S.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Warm, moist air began
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the Southeast Friday and Saturday.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>However, the ridge of high pressure amplified over the weekend and now
the situation is similar to the Arctic outbreak earlier in the month.</span></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The flow pattern at 500 mbs for 00z January 14, 2014. Note the high pressure ridge along the West coast and the deep trough over the U.S. This represents the amplified part of the pattern that has persisted since late October. It signals more cold air intrusion to the U.S. Click on the image for a larger view. Image Credit: WLTX-TV.</span></td></tr>
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time it will be cold, but not as cold since the air mass is not as
intense.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Temperatures in northern and
central Canada have been in the range of -20° F to -35° F, whereas about 10
days ago they were in the range of -35° F to -55° F.</span></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Selected temperatures across Canada for 1 a.m. EST, Tuesday, January 14, 2014. Click on the image for a larger view. Image Credit: WLTX-TV.</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Last
week saw the bitter cold grip the eastern half of the country.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This week it will be cold in the East, but
unseasonably warm in parts of the Southwest.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>This is a result of the high pressure ridge off the West coast.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The drought in California and much of the
Southwest is a direct result of this ridge.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
impacts in California are seen here is a CBS report by Ben Tracy:</span></div>
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<embed allowfullscreen="true" allowscriptaccess="always" background="#000000" flashvars="pType=embed&si=254&pid=WkcJ8oAnfW9g&url=http://www.cbsnews.com/videos/triple-r-weather-system-blamed-for-brutal-drought-in-calif" height="279" salign="lt" scale="noscale" src="http://www.cbsnews.com/common/video/cbsnews_player.swf" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="425"></embed></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Note for Apple users. The story uses Flash, but you can access the story <a href="http://www.cbsnews.com/videos/triple-r-weather-system-blamed-for-brutal-drought-in-calif" target="_blank">here</a>.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">It appears that this weather pattern
of amplification and de-amplification will continue for the remainder of
January.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Thus some wild swings in
temperature are still possible.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It will
be interesting when we get to February.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>If the pattern persists, it could increase chances for snow in South
Carolina.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>February is the snowiest month
of the year.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Go snow-lovers!</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div>
Jim Gandyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12600726319082481571noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5247087435042328870.post-10413027068530327042014-01-07T14:40:00.000-05:002014-01-07T14:40:08.612-05:00Weather? Climate? Confused?<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Have
you noticed the attention the weather has been getting in the media?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The cold blast for much of the U.S. &
Canada, the trapped ship in the Antarctic, and the storms hitting Europe around
Christmas are just a few examples.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Other
news reports that you may not have been aware were the floods in southern
Brazil and in the Caribbean, the heat wave in Argentina, the usually cold
weather in the Middle East.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>These are
all weather events.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Some
media outlets are reporting the cold events indicate that we have little to
fear from global warming.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Yet global
warming does not cancel the seasons.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In
fact what we know about our changing climate is to expect more weather extremes
worldwide.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Not just heat waves, but
more floods, droughts, and even energized storm systems.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This is how a changing climate translates into
daily weather.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Often
many in the media confuse the difference between weather and climate.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Don’t worry, because some meteorologists do
too.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The weather is basically composed
the events that unfold in the present.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Meanwhile climate looks at the long term average of weather.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>By definition this is a 30-year period.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We can look at shorter term trends to look at
how changes are progressing, but we still have to look at the climate period of
30 years.</span></div>
<a name='more'></a><br />
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">There
has been much written about a pause in global warming however, all of these
claims cherry-pick the data to start at 1998 which was an unusually warm year
caused by a record El Nino.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The blogger
Tamino at Open Mind has looked at the record statistically and has some good
post <a href="http://tamino.wordpress.com/2013/09/21/double-standard/" target="_blank">here</a> and <a href="http://tamino.wordpress.com/2012/07/14/fifteen/" target="_blank">here</a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Stefan Rahmstorf at RealClimate.org
also has an <a href="http://www.realclimate.org/index.php/archives/2013/12/the-global-temperature-jigsaw/" target="_blank">excellent post</a> on the surface temperature record.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-zj_FwaPkdQfjkoABg7rB8DP4xQHOUIeiDxcBgCP56Tsb98JDTfaeJPU5x1JD1ioH2C0S_Bv8M_lzBOrVqdNQuSMtJXZO-1larzPJiysPeO4UEuFOd2p_Czln1vsrKpf9bLObJ2KLBlfx/s1600/Cherry-picking+global+temps.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-zj_FwaPkdQfjkoABg7rB8DP4xQHOUIeiDxcBgCP56Tsb98JDTfaeJPU5x1JD1ioH2C0S_Bv8M_lzBOrVqdNQuSMtJXZO-1larzPJiysPeO4UEuFOd2p_Czln1vsrKpf9bLObJ2KLBlfx/s1600/Cherry-picking+global+temps.png" height="301" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Global surface temperatures since 1970 with the trend line. The trend has been a warming of 0.17°C/decade. The year 1998 was extremely warm due to El Nino. Click on image for a larger view. Image Credit: Dr. Marshall Shepherd.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Each
year the global temperature is affected by natural and man-made components of
the environment.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The natural components
include insolation (incoming solar radiation), volcanic activity, the planetary
orbital cycles, and oceanic cycles.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The
man-made component includes the burning of fossil fuels, deforestation, and
aerosols (like soot).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>These change every
year and help create the variability we see over the long-term.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Global
warming is a climatic event while the cold temperatures we are experiencing are
a weather event.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The cold weather is
real and global warming is real.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In
fact, the preliminary information indicates that 2013 was the 4<sup>th</sup>
warmest year on record.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCI4VGM0bon3dONy2Q2feCGEGSZKphQrvsCk4pkEbAK7592pxNqYmI3QLqT3ws8qZmq2QDdKKNjh0S82PiY5Yaq6q7K0p39tsYeUg1ID7EYseTAFyDv2aqC3iHxwSt_pZ4cE8MGPrI-T2N/s1600/2013+LT+Anomaly.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCI4VGM0bon3dONy2Q2feCGEGSZKphQrvsCk4pkEbAK7592pxNqYmI3QLqT3ws8qZmq2QDdKKNjh0S82PiY5Yaq6q7K0p39tsYeUg1ID7EYseTAFyDv2aqC3iHxwSt_pZ4cE8MGPrI-T2N/s1600/2013+LT+Anomaly.png" height="246" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The temperature anomaly for the lower troposphere in 2013. Preliminary information is that it was the 4th warmest on record for the satellite era. Click on the image for a larger view. Image Credit: nsstc.uah.edu.</span></td></tr>
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<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Is
there a connection between climate change and the cold weather we are
experiencing?</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">There
could be.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Recent studies indicate that
the warming Arctic is leading to a phenomenon known as <a href="http://www.noaa.gov/features/02_monitoring/warmarctic.html" target="_blank">warm arctic/ cold continents</a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A <a href="http://www.tos.org/oceanography/archive/26-4_cohen.html" target="_blank">paper</a> was just published indicating
that the phenomenon is becoming more common.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We saw a similar event in December,
2010.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Bottomline:
Cold outbreaks are not new.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>What is news
is that this is the coldest in recent memory which is why we have records.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Weather events occur in the context of
climate, but single events do not determine climate.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As Dr. Marshall Shepherd is fond of saying “weather
is your mood, climate is your personality”.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Your mood changes for day-to-day, but your personality lasts a long
time.</span></div>
Jim Gandyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12600726319082481571noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5247087435042328870.post-24183494847766752462014-01-05T21:59:00.000-05:002014-01-05T22:01:24.953-05:00Arctic Cold? I'll take a Double!<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<br />
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
new year is taking up where the old year ended.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The weather pattern discussed in a <a href="http://weatherclimatematter.blogspot.com/2013/12/weathers-ups-downs.html" target="_blank">previous post</a> continues to dominate North America.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Each time the pattern amplifies with a strong ridge-trough-ridge look,
cold air invades the U.S.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The pattern
relaxes and becomes more zonal causing milder conditions to return.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This is the up and down pattern that has
resulted in a roller coaster of temperatures.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikBWn7fFcKPUniq8AFzVNmOFRCbFR7K8qTJ-v7roGiZzXrBIzMvKY7mT0P7nQ2Tv4Pw-n9PsiCUuVBqv0_4HyZLhiwMnvM_CeGFVRplgJICKQO1a1K3fQvtArvgwWODqm26V_7WY7fZkHl/s1600/500mb+12z+NA+120913+mod.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikBWn7fFcKPUniq8AFzVNmOFRCbFR7K8qTJ-v7roGiZzXrBIzMvKY7mT0P7nQ2Tv4Pw-n9PsiCUuVBqv0_4HyZLhiwMnvM_CeGFVRplgJICKQO1a1K3fQvtArvgwWODqm26V_7WY7fZkHl/s1600/500mb+12z+NA+120913+mod.png" height="246" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">This was the 500 mb pattern for North America at 12z December 9, 2013. Note the ridge-trough-ridge pattern. Click on the image for a larger view. Image Credit: WSI.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"></span><br /></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgx1tnLkCzgnIluSIwpniRYbDPVlByAB_e6jPlIlQt0f7CXa1BGVxikGRIW35DvIXC1QURcCgKpFbOqiS8xZVzP-BIDQ7y2V-9RFaVTlJOque0KSS3NkyMyA8McmIqOuF_o7EsqNmRzmzws/s1600/500z_f012_bg_NA+010514.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgx1tnLkCzgnIluSIwpniRYbDPVlByAB_e6jPlIlQt0f7CXa1BGVxikGRIW35DvIXC1QURcCgKpFbOqiS8xZVzP-BIDQ7y2V-9RFaVTlJOque0KSS3NkyMyA8McmIqOuF_o7EsqNmRzmzws/s1600/500z_f012_bg_NA+010514.png" height="246" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">This was the 500 mb pattern for North America at 00z January 6, 2014 (taken from the ECMWF model 12 hours earlier. Note the ridge-trough-ridge pattern returns. Click on the
image for a larger view. Image Credit: WSI.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">However,
this time there has been a bit of a twist.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>A surge of cold, arctic air invaded much of the country at the end of
last week.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The temperature in Columbia
dropped to 22° F Saturday morning.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The
high pressure center moved quickly to the east causing winds to shift bringing
clouds back into the area before daybreak.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>This locked in the cold air for the weekend and there wasn’t much of a
rebound in temperatures.</span><br />
<a name='more'></a></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">This
surge of arctic air was the coldest of the season with temperatures down to
-50° F at Key Lake in central Canada.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Even International Falls, MN, dropped to -43° F on January 2<sup>nd</sup>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The bulk of this cold moved east across the
Great Lakes and into the Northeast.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Caribou, ME, dropped to -28° F on the same day.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
latest surge of arctic air is not quite as cold at its core, but does have
higher winds.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This is leading to some
dramatic wind chills across the country with warnings for wind chills and
extreme cold stretching from the Canadian border to the Gulf coast.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJPDBDuwtmO5vG_NjNmn5UwvQUUb51lZi6fDeN94iArDsEOuYXLUfpDv8DHFqrumKwqy6_hKsFtQT3YTl38I8O3xTPi1HWQuI1Yns_VKrkiJMLDAtMV1lWyj1yfOSJJ2A8b41mju2jl-Ah/s1600/US+Warnings+010514.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJPDBDuwtmO5vG_NjNmn5UwvQUUb51lZi6fDeN94iArDsEOuYXLUfpDv8DHFqrumKwqy6_hKsFtQT3YTl38I8O3xTPi1HWQuI1Yns_VKrkiJMLDAtMV1lWyj1yfOSJJ2A8b41mju2jl-Ah/s1600/US+Warnings+010514.png" height="250" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjR_3u89sGff-NmRElMdAXHQlb49MOZtrMNC5W4rWdy1G4eMXjBbWfjl43VuL196aoUyFWFPOfmNRCtqZNpI1SlxKcYkMBpgmsDFJh4nhXUvh-ZI22cI1ZOR7DwzvDmIpvd38Wwwqgkk0sh/s1600/US+Warnings+legend+010514.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjR_3u89sGff-NmRElMdAXHQlb49MOZtrMNC5W4rWdy1G4eMXjBbWfjl43VuL196aoUyFWFPOfmNRCtqZNpI1SlxKcYkMBpgmsDFJh4nhXUvh-ZI22cI1ZOR7DwzvDmIpvd38Wwwqgkk0sh/s1600/US+Warnings+legend+010514.JPG" height="95" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td class="tr-caption"><span style="font-size: small;">Various warnings and advisories for the U.S. late on Sunday, January 5, 2014. Click on the image for a larger view. The legend is separate from the map. Image Credit: NOAA.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">A
strong cold front will pass through South Carolina Monday morning.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Many areas will see the high temperature for
the day around daybreak.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Winds will be
gusting to 40-45 mph behind the front and temperatures will be falling
throughout the day.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The winds will
diminish some Monday night, but the cold air will continue to rush into the
area.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Temperatures across central South
Carolina will be in the range of 10° F in the northwest to 18° F in the
southeast by daybreak on Tuesday.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Columbia should have a temperature of 15° F, but winds will still be
sustained at about 10 mph.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This should
lead to wind chills in the range of 0° F to 5° F.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There is a good chance of setting the low
temperature record for the date which is 16° F.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
center of high pressure will be over the region Wednesday morning.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This is likely to result in similar
temperatures without the wind chills.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Calm conditions are expected for Wednesday morning.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">This
will be the first time Columbia has been below 20°F since January 4, 2012.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It will be this first time we have seen a
double dose of arctic air since December, 2010, when it dropped to 16°F on the
8<sup>th</sup> and dropped to 15° F on the 15th.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This was also the last time it was this
cold.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>You have to go back to January 17,
2009, to find a colder temperature in Columbia where it dropped to 13° F.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Be
prepared for the cold, but don’t let it get you down.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Temperatures will rebound quickly after
Wednesday and it will be much warmer by the weekend.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>However, this will not be the last cold surge
for the winter.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A January thaw is
expected through the middle of the month.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>This is expected to be followed by more arctic cold at toward the end of
the month.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Stay
warm!</span></div>
Jim Gandyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12600726319082481571noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5247087435042328870.post-25896404012708851512013-12-23T12:26:00.001-05:002013-12-23T12:26:37.047-05:00I'm Dreaming of a Dry Christmas<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Most
people in South Carolina usually dream of a white Christmas.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There have been so few times that it has
happened in this area.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In fact Climate
Central did the calculations and the chances are less that 1% of seeing a white
Christmas in Columbia.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Where is the best
place to be?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>See the map below:</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUhHm7uN6X2NWOTk0oyVbw694qqxv0-lWZOM5-MgQgxnQAeumqtODtJObNxoT70HIHMSDgRpF4Yp4RQheYWMutprxdHoKus81Zi_TbONRGQehBG6DFXLt061DRQUkdxkQRQ-Ujewd-j7st/s1600/Chances+of+white+Christmas.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUhHm7uN6X2NWOTk0oyVbw694qqxv0-lWZOM5-MgQgxnQAeumqtODtJObNxoT70HIHMSDgRpF4Yp4RQheYWMutprxdHoKus81Zi_TbONRGQehBG6DFXLt061DRQUkdxkQRQ-Ujewd-j7st/s400/Chances+of+white+Christmas.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The chance of seeing a white Christmas across the U.S. Click on the image for a larger version. Image Credit: Climate Central.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"></span><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Even
though the map shows the historical odds of a white Christmas, the actual
amount of snow in a given location can vary a lot from year to year due to
natural weather variations.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>For example,
this year, U.S. snow cover in mid-December was the <a href="https://webmail.gannett.com/OWA/redir.aspx?C=uwpWJXBUF0KZrrOxvb52N4AElA6U09BIJKk6G9UaPRvC-el8NYGZizkT-iqcEl1YtZwZKuxkhwQ.&URL=http%3a%2f%2fclimatecentral.createsend5.com%2ft%2fy-l-thkiity-jliuuthytd-a%2f" target="_blank">largest it’s been in a decade.</a> <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Outside the U.S., it’s worth noting that
Siberia, generally one of the coldest places on Earth for this time of year,
had a scorching November with temperatures up to 14°F higher than normal. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>That warm trend has continued into December,
leaving a "<a href="https://webmail.gannett.com/OWA/redir.aspx?C=uwpWJXBUF0KZrrOxvb52N4AElA6U09BIJKk6G9UaPRvC-el8NYGZizkT-iqcEl1YtZwZKuxkhwQ.&URL=http%3a%2f%2fclimatecentral.createsend5.com%2ft%2fy-l-thkiity-jliuuthytd-f%2f" target="_blank">snow shortage</a>".<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>We can identify with a snow shortage.</span></div>
<a name='more'></a><br />
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
graphic below shows the warmest, coldest, wettest, and the whitest Christmas on
record for Columbia. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A <a href="https://webmail.gannett.com/OWA/redir.aspx?C=uwpWJXBUF0KZrrOxvb52N4AElA6U09BIJKk6G9UaPRvC-el8NYGZizkT-iqcEl1YtZwZKuxkhwQ.&URL=http%3a%2f%2fclimatecentral.createsend5.com%2ft%2fy-l-thkiity-jliuuthytd-z%2f" target="_blank">Climate Central analysis</a> found that winter is the
fastest-warming season in the U.S. over the last 100 years. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>That's in step with the global increase in
temperatures caused primarily by heat-trapping greenhouse gases. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>While climate change is causing winters to
warm overall, temperatures on a single day such as Christmas (or any other day
of the year) can show large variability—coming in much colder, or much warmer,
in a given year than the overall trend would suggest.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Christmas will definitely feel like winter
this year.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOnKJkkx2TM7RIMOZ3xLRBUVQ7h4eCCi3rqYHSSmk8ZitCLQ1c4BWaQrKdv1UvgtFycfNONqjxZ79Lt_YXy5XrdZpwp01Yu-yDDlWL_W8T2zhwpLr5UzSiPK1e0C8zjeShn096r-PnbH3L/s1600/Christmas+in+Columbia.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOnKJkkx2TM7RIMOZ3xLRBUVQ7h4eCCi3rqYHSSmk8ZitCLQ1c4BWaQrKdv1UvgtFycfNONqjxZ79Lt_YXy5XrdZpwp01Yu-yDDlWL_W8T2zhwpLr5UzSiPK1e0C8zjeShn096r-PnbH3L/s400/Christmas+in+Columbia.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The extremes of Christmas Day in Columbia, SC. Click on the image for a larger version. Image Credit: Climate Central.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">So
why am I dreaming of a dry Christmas?</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">It
turns out the rain has fallen for the past eight Christmas Days (see table
below).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Think of it, if you have a child
less than nine years of age, they have never seen a dry Christmas Day.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>What a bummer!<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Santa brings certain toys, but you can’t go
out a play with them.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>How about the tradition
of playing some sport with friends after the Christmas meal (if your big meal
is midday), which has not been a good idea of late.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: 119.6pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .75in;" valign="top" width="72">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Year</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 155.8pt;" valign="top" width="208">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Christmas
Day Rainfall</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .75in;" valign="top" width="72">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">2005</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 155.8pt;" valign="top" width="208">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0.49”</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .75in;" valign="top" width="72">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">2006</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 155.8pt;" valign="top" width="208">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0.89”</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .75in;" valign="top" width="72">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">2007</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 155.8pt;" valign="top" width="208">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0.10”</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .75in;" valign="top" width="72">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">2008</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 155.8pt;" valign="top" width="208">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0.08”</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 5;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .75in;" valign="top" width="72">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">2009</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 155.8pt;" valign="top" width="208">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">3.06”</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 6;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .75in;" valign="top" width="72">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">2010</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 155.8pt;" valign="top" width="208">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0.07”</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 7;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .75in;" valign="top" width="72">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">2011</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 155.8pt;" valign="top" width="208">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0.17”</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 8; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: .75in;" valign="top" width="72">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">2012</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 155.8pt;" valign="top" width="208">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">0.16”</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Interestingly it has rained 48 times on Christmas Day in the past 125 years of records. This
year Mother Nature is sending us a hard freeze for Christmas morning.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>However, it will be a dry cold; the first dry
Christmas since 2004.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Enjoy!</span></div>
Jim Gandyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12600726319082481571noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5247087435042328870.post-5426983094195144032013-12-21T17:52:00.000-05:002013-12-21T17:52:58.236-05:00Weather's Ups & Downs<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<br />
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">It
has been like a roller coaster for temperatures since late October beginning
with a freeze on the 26<sup>th</sup> Columbia, SC, when the temperature dropped
to 30°F.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This came after an
exceptionally warm fall.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Here is a look
at the ups and downs since October 26<sup>th</sup>:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
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<tbody>
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<td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: .5pt; mso-border-color-alt: windowtext; mso-border-left-alt: 1.0pt; mso-border-right-alt: .5pt; mso-border-style-alt: solid; mso-border-top-alt: 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 68.7pt;" valign="top" width="92">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Month</span></div>
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<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Date</span></div>
</td>
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<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Temp</span></div>
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<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
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<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 68.7pt;" valign="top" width="92">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Oct</span></div>
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<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.15pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">26</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.5pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">30°</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 242.05pt;" valign="top" width="323">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 68.7pt;" valign="top" width="92">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.15pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">30</span></div>
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<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.5pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">82°</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
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<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Nov</span></div>
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<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.15pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">4</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.5pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">38°</span></div>
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<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 242.05pt;" valign="top" width="323">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 68.7pt;" valign="top" width="92">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.15pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">6</span></div>
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<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.5pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">77°</span></div>
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<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 242.05pt;" valign="top" width="323">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
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<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 5;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 68.7pt;" valign="top" width="92">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
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<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.15pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">9</span></div>
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<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.5pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">32°</span></div>
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<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 242.05pt;" valign="top" width="323">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
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<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 6;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 68.7pt;" valign="top" width="92">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
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<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.15pt;" valign="top" width="48">
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">10</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">72°</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 7;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 68.7pt;" valign="top" width="92">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.15pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">14</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.5pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">23°</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 242.05pt;" valign="top" width="323">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">New
Record Low</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 8;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 68.7pt;" valign="top" width="92">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.15pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">18</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.5pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">85°</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 242.05pt;" valign="top" width="323">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">New
Record High; Trace of Snow Evening</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 9;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 68.7pt;" valign="top" width="92">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.15pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">19</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.5pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">38°</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 242.05pt;" valign="top" width="323">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 10;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 68.7pt;" valign="top" width="92">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.15pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">22</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.5pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">76°</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 242.05pt;" valign="top" width="323">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 11;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 68.7pt;" valign="top" width="92">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.15pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">25</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.5pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">22°</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 242.05pt;" valign="top" width="323">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 12;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 68.7pt;" valign="top" width="92">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.15pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">26</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.5pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">71°</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 242.05pt;" valign="top" width="323">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 13;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 68.7pt;" valign="top" width="92">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.15pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">28</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.5pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">23°</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 242.05pt;" valign="top" width="323">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 14;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 68.7pt;" valign="top" width="92">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Dec</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.15pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">6</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.5pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">82°</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 242.05pt;" valign="top" width="323">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Record
High Tied</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 15;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 68.7pt;" valign="top" width="92">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.15pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">13</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.5pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">25°</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 242.05pt;" valign="top" width="323">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 16; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: 1.0pt; mso-border-color-alt: windowtext; mso-border-left-alt: 1.0pt; mso-border-right-alt: .5pt; mso-border-style-alt: solid; mso-border-top-alt: .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 68.7pt;" valign="top" width="92">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 36.15pt;" valign="top" width="48">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">21</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.5pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<div align="center" class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">81°</span></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 242.05pt;" valign="top" width="323">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">New
Record High</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
forecast for the 22<sup>nd</sup> of December is for record high temperatures
with much colder weather returning for Christmas Day.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Thus the roller coaster will continue for a
while.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">What
is causing this?</span></div>
<a name='more'></a><br />
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">A
recent conversation with Mike Halpert, the Deputy Director of NOAA’s Climate
Prediction Center, pointed to few short-term climate signals that would suggest
the kind of weather we have been seeing.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>In fact most of the signals indicate that we should be seeing warmer
than normal weather.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This has been true
in Columbia, SC with a December average temperature of 3.8° F above normal
through the 20<sup>th</sup>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>However,
November averaged 2.1° F below normal.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">It
turns out that a weather pattern in the eastern Pacific has been influencing
much of the weather since late October.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>A ridge of high pressure has been persistent just off the west coast of
the U.S.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When the ridge is in place it
helps drive cold arctic air into the nation’s mid-section and when the ridge
weakens a more zonal pattern results in moderates temperatures across the
country with above normal temperatures in the Southeast.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSrhwW7jrT_oS5YlVe0EsX7uc1lVmrSaioTph26eQaZtt8YUj2pcONIefDIEU4AOuSWQzSNdC1tv3nPr9UUNbMUWx5APRSWUnjPzSf1LGv9GiqaRextyuxSaYMoIKvg4gWl9GEretGTzZt/s1600/500mb+12z+NA+120913+mod.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="307" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSrhwW7jrT_oS5YlVe0EsX7uc1lVmrSaioTph26eQaZtt8YUj2pcONIefDIEU4AOuSWQzSNdC1tv3nPr9UUNbMUWx5APRSWUnjPzSf1LGv9GiqaRextyuxSaYMoIKvg4gWl9GEretGTzZt/s400/500mb+12z+NA+120913+mod.png" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The 500mb weather pattern for 12z on December 9, 2013. Northwest winds aloft over the western part of North America were bringing cold Arctic air south. Click on the image for a larger view. Image Credit: WSI.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"></span><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">A
strong ridge was in place off the West coast on the morning of December 9<sup>th</sup>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Some of the coldest air of the season was
spilling into the U.S.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Much of the
western and central U.S. was in a deep freeze.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjn60zPb12zyLnuXApVfMhr-bUXuUKenWjrhYox73Vk3Oj4Bf7tsmM8oim6TIErYLIbX8EZeBIJvU5CwRlvJBKtz9AoLt2lupRQ5_FaI_lBy4YLPi9I3Z4ezl5Qg6H9KB6fVGceWaW87w4U/s1600/US+Min+Temps+120913.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="265" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjn60zPb12zyLnuXApVfMhr-bUXuUKenWjrhYox73Vk3Oj4Bf7tsmM8oim6TIErYLIbX8EZeBIJvU5CwRlvJBKtz9AoLt2lupRQ5_FaI_lBy4YLPi9I3Z4ezl5Qg6H9KB6fVGceWaW87w4U/s400/US+Min+Temps+120913.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Morning low temperature reading for December 9, 2013. Click on the image for a larger view. Image Credit: NOAA/NWS.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">This
pattern of ups and downs puts stress on the body and often leads to a rise in
sickness especially colds and flu.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It
may be nice to get out when it is warm, but we do pay a price for the extremes
of temperature.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A more even temperature
regime whether cold or warm would help, but that has not been the pattern this
year.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">If
this pattern continues through the remainder of the winter, then we may yet see
a warmer than normal winter.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>However, we
may also see more severe storms as the collision of extreme air masses leads to
more active weather systems.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A more
active winter tornado season in the South, like last winter, is certainly a
possibility.</span></div>
Jim Gandyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12600726319082481571noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5247087435042328870.post-15382225710435607082013-11-21T12:59:00.000-05:002013-11-21T13:04:13.542-05:00The Winter 2013-14 Outlook<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
Climate Prediction Center (CPC) released its latest outlook for the coming
winter this morning.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This year’s
forecast is challenging as there are few climate signals that are strong enough
to give clues as to what to expect.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Thus
the outlook is based more on trends.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Climate
outlooks are probabilistic forecasts meaning that they give you information about
the chances of seeing departures from the average.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It cannot tell you when or where snowstorms
will occur.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The outlook is designed to
tell you what the average conditions will be.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">This
year warmer than normal conditions are expected for the Southwest, the
South-Central U.S., parts of the Southeast, New England and western Alaska.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Northern Plains and the Alaskan Panhandle
are expected to see colder than normal conditions.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>South Carolina has an equal chance of seeing warmer,
near normal, or colder conditions as there are no clues to guide the forecast.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhD8YFEHLL2rTm7w-vFr9qcHckENJtTsrNQDUTiIbFl1vS4MFC7Fo6LL3gDixJqVXCki2c0xGk8DkZigaK3ji3jSsWbWqoYrOqpP-uVog04Awt4WlecDlCh-UrS38XMfmbOckuroaneZU2_/s1600/Winter+1314+T+Outlook.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="311" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhD8YFEHLL2rTm7w-vFr9qcHckENJtTsrNQDUTiIbFl1vS4MFC7Fo6LL3gDixJqVXCki2c0xGk8DkZigaK3ji3jSsWbWqoYrOqpP-uVog04Awt4WlecDlCh-UrS38XMfmbOckuroaneZU2_/s400/Winter+1314+T+Outlook.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The temperature outlook for the 2013-14 winter. Click on the image for a larger view. Image Credit: NOAA.</span><br />
<a name='more'></a></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
bigger story this winter may be a developing drought for South Carolina as drier
than normal conditions are more likely.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>This follows on the heels of a warm, dry fall and a cool, wet
summer.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Incipient drought conditions are
already developing in some parts of South Carolina and a dry winter will only
make it worse.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This could lead to low
soil moisture for spring planting and an increase wildfire danger by late
winter.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBDY3BnNi6MmpKgSb7MaU-20uvFOOqmSv2A6yCbFqJyeEzfbd-kRMo8v6glvbEJ8pmXghVhJ739z9iAQwte4_SJWetshZG-CbG-JgzuY3qDoq4lPDLYotCotx7r8yo_QBrTJTuUTVkP4gY/s1600/Winter+1314+P+Outlook.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="311" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBDY3BnNi6MmpKgSb7MaU-20uvFOOqmSv2A6yCbFqJyeEzfbd-kRMo8v6glvbEJ8pmXghVhJ739z9iAQwte4_SJWetshZG-CbG-JgzuY3qDoq4lPDLYotCotx7r8yo_QBrTJTuUTVkP4gY/s400/Winter+1314+P+Outlook.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The precipitation outlook for the 2013-14 winter. Click on the image for a larger view. Image Credit: NOAA.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"></span><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Drought
conditions are expected to worsen over the Southwest and parts of the southern
Plains.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This is an area that has been
battling drought for the last three years and that is not expected to change in
the near future.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Climate
outlooks often key off of climate influences like El Nino – La Nina.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mike Halpert, acting director of NOAA’s
Climate Prediction Center, had this to say to say about the lack of these
signals:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">“It’s
a challenge to produce a long-term winter forecast without the climate pattern
of an El Niño or a La Niña in place out in the Pacific because those climate
patterns often strongly influence winter temperature and precipitation here in
the United States.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Without this strong seasonal
influence, winter weather is often affected by short-term climate patterns,
such as the Arctic Oscillation, that are not predictable beyond a week or two.
So it’s important to pay attention to your local daily weather forecast
throughout the winter.”</span></div>
</blockquote>
<br />
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
Arctic Oscillation has two phases, positive or negative.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A negative phase allows cold arctic air to
slide south into the U.S. and can put the country in a deep freeze depending on
the strength of the phase.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A positive
phase has the opposite effect and can result in warmer than normal
conditions.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The record warm March of
2012 was an example of the positive phase for an extended period.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">South
Carolina has experienced wild swings in temperatures over the past week related
to the Arctic Oscillation and this is likely to continue for the rest of
November into December.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This means that
cold waves will periodically invade followed by warmer periods.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It will be a roller coaster temperature ride
into early winter.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Warmer
than normal conditions are expected for South Carolina next spring with equal
chances of wet or dry conditions.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This
could favor an early spring and an active pollen season.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Research indicates that pollen counts have
been increasing recently due to warmer springs.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The spring of 2012 saw record pollen counts over much of the Southeast.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>However, the weather may be quite variable
which may not be conducive to early planting.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Here
is a video from Climate.gov on the winter outlook for this year:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/jbyTgOjkW6c" width="560"></iframe></span><br /></div>
Jim Gandyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12600726319082481571noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5247087435042328870.post-6788226056031702872013-11-10T22:56:00.001-05:002013-11-10T22:56:53.902-05:00Climate Change & Fall Colors<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
colors of fall are greatly anticipated in this part of the country.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Some plan vacations around a particular week
trying to be in the peak of color.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Normally tourists plan for the middle two weeks of October to enjoy the
color of western North Carolina.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>However, I was surprised on a recent trip into that area to see how late
the change of color was this year.</span></div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-2HsIkCXErMk2SzbZI_1JQO3hpg0Q04zgibr4L2MFsUC_vC3MAyaR79mgeXrJ92YyH0kUi9UqG1i1RxN4stFh-5J6oMv9XkaxLOUQHLnhYCcpZV3ve4OOkT-ZL9k05fnvd3ytQO7zN4Td/s1600/mill+spring+102113.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-2HsIkCXErMk2SzbZI_1JQO3hpg0Q04zgibr4L2MFsUC_vC3MAyaR79mgeXrJ92YyH0kUi9UqG1i1RxN4stFh-5J6oMv9XkaxLOUQHLnhYCcpZV3ve4OOkT-ZL9k05fnvd3ytQO7zN4Td/s400/mill+spring+102113.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Near Lake Adger in western North Carolina (about 10 miles east of Hendersonville) on October 21, 2013. Notice the lack of color. There was still a lot of green. Click on the image for a larger view. Image Credit: Jim Gandy</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span></span></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">It
got me thinking about the set-up this year.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The summer had been very wet, but fall had turned out to be quite
dry.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It should have been a good year for
color in western North Carolina.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This is
not to say that there wasn’t color, but you didn’t see the splash of all the
colors at once.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">I
came across a <a href="http://biology.appstate.edu/fall-colors/will-global-climate-change-affect-fall-colors" target="_blank">blog post</a> by a plant physiologist at Appalachian State University
which put this in perspective.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Dr. Howie
Neufeld goes into detail about how trees change color and what factors can
affect fall colors.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is quite
informative and worth a read, but here is an excerpt on the two main factors:</span></div>
<a name='more'></a><br />
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<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">“Trees
cue in on two main environmental factors with respect to fall foliage color:
daylength and temperature. As the days get shorter in August and September,
trees sense this and begin anorderly process of leaf senescence, usually
involving the loss of chlorophyll, the green pigment that plants use to capture
light for photosynthesis, and the synthesis of anthocyanins, which give leaves
their red color. Some leaves don’t make anthocyanins, and when the chlorophyll
degrades, it reveals underlying pigments, such as carotenoids and xanthophylls
which are responsible for our orange and yellow colored leaves. Trees use
daylength as their main cue because it is a good proxy for coming cold weather.
Year after year, daylength will come with great regularity at the same point in
earth’s orbit, reliably signaling the inevitable onset of colder weather. But
temperatures can vary greatly at any time of the year due to variations in the
weather (like this year when temperatures were unusually cool all summer) and
so are less reliable cues for the coming of fall. Trees use temperature only as
a secondary cue; if the fall is cool they hasten the development of their fall
color, while if it is warm, they procrastinate and delay it.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">If
global warming results in warmer fall temperatures, either during the day or
night, this would tend to delay fall colors to later in the season. Will it
mute the colors? It might, especially if the disconnect between daylength and
temperature becomes extreme, thereby confusing trees and disrupting the
synchrony of color development, such that some trees attain peak color later
while others are less susceptible to the temperature cues….”</span></div>
</blockquote>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Turns
out that fall has seen above normal temperatures in the Southeast this
year.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In fact Columbia, SC did not see
its first temperature below 50 degrees F until October 21<sup>st</sup>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Plants and people were beginning to wonder if
fall was ever going to arrive.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This
might explain why so little color was present by that time of year.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
growing season ended for much of the Midlands on October 26<sup>th</sup> as a
cold air mass pushed into the region dropping temperatures below freezing over
much of the area.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This also hastened the
change of colors, but the change was already a week or two behind.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Furthermore, some trees had already peaked
while others were just getting started.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The result was that the trees producing red colors changed first followed
by orange and then yellow.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was more
like a rolling change of color.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Unfortunately it was not the big splash of color from years past.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Scientists
have been looking at the temperature trends across the country.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If you look at average fall temperatures
across the nation, it’s clear that while there’s a lot of change from one year
to the next, autumn got progressively warmer on average from 1982 through 2008.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcOhyeuDN7wYlHZWadsFdN0kLnkPwecpSao5igQXVid3iomI265Oh-2s4u2fgaUmCukDU4cXEaRRAMjpfKSXfEO5XIMTrDpnwU5oAct0XgT7ng2_dO3qlCF8mMbz7BTGXAFWWNxEwXjG6N/s1600/Avg+Fall+Temps+82-08.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcOhyeuDN7wYlHZWadsFdN0kLnkPwecpSao5igQXVid3iomI265Oh-2s4u2fgaUmCukDU4cXEaRRAMjpfKSXfEO5XIMTrDpnwU5oAct0XgT7ng2_dO3qlCF8mMbz7BTGXAFWWNxEwXjG6N/s400/Avg+Fall+Temps+82-08.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The average fall temperatures (Sept.-Nov.) for the contiguous U.S. from 1982-2008. Click on the image for a larger view. Image Credit: Climate Central.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span></span></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The
strongest trend is noticeable west of the Mississippi, parts of which have
warmed up to 1.3°F per decade. The Northeast is also one of the fastest warming
regions of the country. Only small pockets of the Southeast have seen any form
of cooling in the fall. That doesn't mean global warming is skipping over the
region. <a href="http://www.climatecentral.org/news/the-heat-is-on/" target="_blank">Annual temperatures trends</a> show that all states in the
Southeast (and across the U.S. for that matter) have been warming since 1970,
although at different rates. For example, Florida is the slowest warming state
while Arizona is the fastest.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7TJEIobiJMgRFBfuy4rm9p0jWUv2mqDirSv7ttAG4Z8kD6fGMjm44KVNdikjeyDomRaINhqkan-e7LNiW2gLUR8MTgCgXdglCN-NdGbjrpe7doWFKUE0DjaR4b4sTD6s_5fI8WwtC8-NQ/s1600/Fall+Temp+Trends+US.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7TJEIobiJMgRFBfuy4rm9p0jWUv2mqDirSv7ttAG4Z8kD6fGMjm44KVNdikjeyDomRaINhqkan-e7LNiW2gLUR8MTgCgXdglCN-NdGbjrpe7doWFKUE0DjaR4b4sTD6s_5fI8WwtC8-NQ/s400/Fall+Temp+Trends+US.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The temperature trends per decade for the climatological divisions of the U.S. Click on the image for a larger view. Image Credit: Climate Central.</span></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">On
the precipitation side, it’s clear fall on the Eastern Seaboard and the Ohio
River Valley has gotten wetter while its gotten dryer for many areas to the
west. The trend in the Northeast is particularly striking and according to a <a href="http://www.nesdis.noaa.gov/technical_reports/NOAA_NESDIS_Tech_Report_142-1-Climate_of_the_Northeast_U.S.pdf" target="_blank">NOAA report</a>, it stretches back to the beginning of the 20th
century.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghs446IU9rKilJWx3AN_yqImx07eEFSccWSEBt2QxuHFfnj4O-5onAd4W2TgtqGSp2pZmO3tzjWf-XX8msBmujpNMF3rCNvu0QWKnibjGFIAqVVmkXdjivCJpSOmmhCVlQmpuFZM8z5rW7/s1600/Fall+Rain+Trends+US.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghs446IU9rKilJWx3AN_yqImx07eEFSccWSEBt2QxuHFfnj4O-5onAd4W2TgtqGSp2pZmO3tzjWf-XX8msBmujpNMF3rCNvu0QWKnibjGFIAqVVmkXdjivCJpSOmmhCVlQmpuFZM8z5rW7/s400/Fall+Rain+Trends+US.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The precipitation trends per decade for the climatological
divisions of the U.S. Click on the image for a larger view. Image
Credit: Climate Central.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Looking
to the future, all areas of the country are expected to warm.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Some will warm faster than others and each
year will see variability in the weather.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>However, this year may be a sign of things to come.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Warmer temperatures, longer growing seasons, variability
in rainfall may combine to mute fall colors.</span></div>
Jim Gandyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12600726319082481571noreply@blogger.com